美国水环境质量基准体系  

Ambient Water Quality Criteria System in the United States

作　　者：陈艳卿[1] 孟伟[1] 武雪芳[1] 韩梅[1] 王红梅[1] 黄翠芳[1] 徐顺清[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2011年第4期467-474,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2008CB418200);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07106-001);国家环保公益性行业科研专项(200709038;200709022)

摘　　要：美国依据《清洁水法》建立了一套较完善的水环境质量基准体系,并开展了水生生物基准、人体健康基准、营养物基准、沉积物质量基准、细菌基准、生物学基准、野生生物基准和物理基准等方面的研究.在重点分析美国水环境质量基准体系、基准制定方法和研究进展的基础上,提出了我国开展水环境质量基准研究的建议,即提高对我国开展水环境质量基准研究的迫切性和重要性的认识,并根据我国的实际情况,建立一套适合我国国情的水环境基准体系和基准制订工作指南,同时做好国外水环境质量基准的采用与验证工作.Based on the Clean Water Act,the United States has formulated a complete system of ambient water quality criteria,and developed research on aquatic life criteria,human health criteria,nutrient criteria,sediment quality criteria,bacteria criteria,biology criteria,wildlife criteria and physical criteria.Based on analyzing the ambient water quality criteria system and the methods for developing the criteria,as well as the US’research progress,this paper put forward some suggestions for the research of ambient water quality criteria in China.The suggestions include improving our understanding of the urgency and importance of water quality criteria research,and establishing a criteria system of Chinese water quality criteria and a guide for formulating it.At the same time,data validation and adoption of the foreign ambient water quality criteria should be done.

关 键 词：水生生物基准 人体健康基准 营养物基准 沉积物质量基准 

分 类 号：X-65[环境科学与工程]