三江平原毛苔草露水中的金属含量研究  

Metal Concentrations of Dew Collected from Carex lasiocarpa in Sanjiang Plain

作　　者：徐莹莹[1,2] 阎百兴[1] 王莉霞[1] 刘树元[1,2] 祝惠[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《湿地科学》2011年第1期69-74,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40771035)资助

摘　　要：露水作为下垫面水汽凝结的产物,对其水质的研究可揭示当地大气环境质量状况和露水的生态效应。为此,分别于2008年7月中旬至9月中旬和2009年5月中下旬至9月初,在中国科学院三江平原沼泽湿地生态试验站收集了毛苔草(Carexlasiocarpa)植株上的露水样品,使用ICP-MS测定了样品中K、Na、Ca和Mg等26种金属元素的含量及pH。结果表明,毛苔草沼泽露水的pH为(6.42±0.23),研究区未出现酸露现象;露水中金属元素种类丰富,K含量最高,其平均值为29531μg/L,Ag、Th、U、Be和Tl的含量较低,平均值低于0.03μg/L;露水中的K、Ca、Na、Mg、Mn、Fe和Zn的含量远高于当地雨水,露水为湿地植物生长提供了丰富的营养元素和微量元素,沼泽地表积水和大气干沉降为露水中金属的主要来源。露水中Pb、Ba、Se、As、Co、Cr和Cu等微量元素含量极低,表明研究区环境空气质量未受到人为污染。露水水质分析可作为判断区域空气质量的辅助手段。Particles and gases are removed from the atmosphere by wet deposition （rain, fog and dew） and dry deposition. The wet deposition process is a major pathway of acidic pollutants from the atmosphere to the biosphere. Dew has attracted great interest and has been extensively studied on its amount. The chemistry of dew has received little attention. In order to discuss the dew ecology efficiency and reveal the air status of surface layer in the Sanjiang Plain, pH and the concentrations of 26 types of metal elements such as K, Na, Ca, Mg were monitored and analyzed. The experiment was organized in the Sanjiang Mire Wetland Experimental Station （47°35＇ N, 133°31＇ E）, Chinese Academy of Sciences, located in Tongjiang, Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. Carex lasiocarpa is the dominant plant, and it is selected as the typical experiment plot. Carex lasiocarpa dew was collected form mid July to mid September in 2008 and late May to early September in 2009. The results showed that the mean pH of Carex lasiocarpa dew was （6.42±0.23） and the acid dew never occurred in the research area. Therefore, dew can not damage protective surfaces on leaves, interfere with guard cells and poison plant cells from the aspect of pH. The types of metal element in Carex lasiocarpa dew were abundant. K, Mg, Ca are the nutrient elements and Mn, Cu, Cr, Zn, Na, Mo, V, As, Fe, Ni are the trace elements. They were all can be monitored in Carex lasiocarpa dew. The mean concentrations of Cd, Be, Co, Se, Mo, Th, U and Tl were below 1.0 μg/L. The mean concentrations of Pb, As, Ni, Cr, V, Ag, Cu and Zn were between 1.0 μg/L and 100 μg/L. The mean concentrations of Na, Al, Fe and Ba were between 100 μg/L and 1000 μg/L. The mean concentrations of K, Mg, Ca and Mn were higher than 1 000 μg/L. Carex lasiocarpa dew can provide nutrient elements and trace elements to plant. The metal elements in Carex lasiocarpa surface water and dry deposition were the main sources of metal in dew. The contents of K, Ca, Na, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn in

关 键 词：毛苔草 露水 金属元素 雨水 沼泽 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]