花背蟾蜍和中华蟾蜍皮肤腺体及耳后腺体的组织学研究  

Comparative histological studies of the cutaneous glands and parotoids of Bufo raddei and B.gargarizans

作　　者：吴文英[1] 李丕鹏[1] 陆宇燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学两栖爬行动物研究所辽宁省生物进化多样性重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《蛇志》2011年第1期20-25,共6页Journal of Snake

摘　　要：目的了解花背蟾蜍和中华蟾蜍皮肤腺和耳后腺的显微结构特点。方法采用大体解剖学方法观察耳后腺的外部形态及皮肤分泌物特征,采用常规石蜡包埋组织切片技术、HE和PAS染色方法观察皮肤腺和耳后腺的结构。结果花背蟾蜍和中华蟾蜍相比,皮肤黏液腺和耳后腺的显微结构差异有显著性,皮肤颗粒腺结构相似,推测当颗粒腺中的分泌物排出后,腺体外的上皮肌细胞变厚,细胞界限明显。花背蟾蜍皮肤黏液腺有两类分泌细胞相间排列成花环型。根据黏液腺分泌细胞的高矮(即中等高柱状、矮柱状和极矮柱状),中华蟾蜍皮肤黏液腺相应地可见到三种形态,第三种黏液腺的分泌细胞极矮腺腔较大,数量极少,基本上只在前后肢皮肤中观察到。花背蟾蜍和中华蟾蜍的耳后腺也有差别:一是,中华蟾蜍耳后腺中大瓶状腺体内含物明显不同;二是,中华蟾蜍耳后腺中大瓶状腺体的大导管外侧有不同腺体存在,花背蟾蜍则无;三是,中华蟾蜍耳后腺表皮下大瓶状腺体上有钙化层存在,花背蟾蜍则无。结论两种蟾蜍皮肤腺和耳后腺均存在一定的差异,这种形态结构的差异与其生活习性和防御机能密切相关。Objective To investigate the microstructure of the cutaneous glands and the parotoids of Bufo raddei and B.gargarizans.Methods Observed the surface structure and the morphological character of secretory product of the parotoids by anatomical method.And observed the structure of the cutaneous glands and the parotoids in paraffin section stained by HE and PAS.Results The mucous glands,one of the two cutaneous glands,and the parotoid macroglands were significant different between B.raddei and B.gargarizans but their granular glands were similar.We observed that the cells of myoepithelia of granular glands became thicker when the secretory product released.The mucous glands of B.raddei composed with a layer of narrow high columnar secretory cells,and some more narrow secretory cells with cytoplasm stained by PAS.These two types of cells were interval arranged in ring-flower shape.But in the skin of B.gargarizans,according to the shape of the secretory cells which were moderate high columnar,low columnar and very low columnar,the mucous were distinguished to be three patterns.The third was basically found in the skin of four limbs.The parotoid macroglands of the two toads were also different：（1）the secretory product were different;（2）In B.gargarizans the very thick duct was surrounded by differentiated glands;（3）In the parotoid of B.gargarizans the calcified dermal layer was very thick and was located below the epidermis and above the bottle-shaped glands,while there was not the calcified dermal layer in the parotoid of B.raddei.Conclusion All these differences of the two toads probably were associated to their different environments.

关 键 词：花背蟾蜍 中华蟾蜍 皮肤腺 耳后腺 显微结构 钙化层 

分 类 号：Q959.53[生物学—动物学] Q955