住院儿童药疹293例临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of Drug Eruption in 293 Hospitalized Children

作　　者：宋玮[1] 周莲宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院,上海201102

出　　处：《儿科药学杂志》2011年第2期36-38,共3页Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:分析儿童药疹的临床特点,探讨治疗及预防方法。方法:对293例住院儿童药疹的临床特点、药疹类型及致敏药物种类进行回顾性分析。结果:药疹以猩红热样或麻疹样发疹型为主(57.7%),其次为多形红斑型(18.7%)、荨麻疹型(14.7%)、重症药疹(7.2%)。致敏药物主要为抗生素类(79.6%),其次为抗癫痫药(8.5%)和解热镇痛药(7.5%)。结论:抗生素类(主要为青霉素类,其次为头孢菌素类)已成为药疹的主要致敏药物,其次为抗癫痫药和解热镇痛药。Objective： To analyze the clinical characteristics of drug eruptions in hospitalized children and approach the methods for cure and prevention.Methods： Two hundred and ninety-three hospitalized children with drug eruptions were evaluated retrospectively and the types of drug eruptions and of the drugs were analyzed.Results： There were mostly scarlet fever cases or measles cases（57.7%）,then erythema multiforme cases（18.7%）,urticaria cases（14.7%） and severe cases（7.2%）.The drug eruptions were mostly caused by antibiotics（79.6%）,then anti-epileptic drugs（8.5%） and antipyretic analgesics（7.5%）.Conclusions： Antibiotics（the majority being penicillin,the next being cephalosporin） have become the main allergenic drugs,and anti-epileptic drugs and antipyretic analgesics has become the second.

关 键 词：药疹 儿童 致敏药物 

分 类 号：R758.25[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]