中国近代工业与城乡人口流动  

The Industry and the Floating Population between the Cities and the Rural Areas in Early Modern China

作　　者：戴鞍钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200433

出　　处：《云南大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第2期56-63,96,共8页The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"现代化进程中的城乡关系研究"(项目号:07JJD770098)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：1894年中日甲午战争爆发后,随着列强在华经济扩张的加速,同时受实业救国思潮和清朝政府鼓励工商业发展的政策推动,中国的民族工商业和近代城市经济都有了较为明显的发展,与原先因战乱涌入城市而呈现潮汐形态的人口升降不同,这一时期进入城市谋生的人口表现为持续增长的态势。大量农村人口进入城市,主要是迫于战乱、灾荒和农村经济的凋敝,而当时城市所能提供的就业机会却远不及实际需求。严酷的现实,使得很多流入城市的农村人口很难在城市安家或长期立足,因而只得辗转于城乡之间、彷徨失所。After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 broke out,the powerful imperialists quickened their economic expansion in China.Under the encouragement of the patriotic idea of saving the country with industrial development and the Qing government's favorable policy for developing industry and commerce,the national industry and commerce and the urban economy of China made some conspicuous development.Compared with the previous unstable floating population that entered the cities because of the war,the population entering the cities in this period was on a steady increase.The war,natural disasters and the declining rural economy led a large rural population to the cities.However,there were not enough jobs in the cities,which made many such rural laborers fail to settle down for a long time in the cities or wander aimlessly between the cities and the rural areas.

关 键 词：中国近代工业 中国近代城乡关系 城乡人口流动 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]