表面活性剂对辛硫磷在土壤中解吸附的影响  

Effect of surfactants on desorption of phoxim in soil

作　　者：熊叶辉[1] 曾鑫年[1] 刘承兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室/红火蚁研究中心,广州510642

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2011年第2期214-218,共5页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目("红火蚁入侵与传播的防控新技术系统研究")(2007B020710014)

摘　　要：以红火蚁灌巢用杀虫剂辛硫磷为对象,结合表面活性剂增强修复技术,应用振荡平衡法,研究阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）和非离子表面活性剂曲拉-通100（Triton X-100）对辛硫磷在土壤中解吸附作用的影响,结果表明：随着表面活性剂质量浓度增高,解吸附能力增强,辛硫磷的吸附量逐渐减小。在5倍临界胶束浓度（5 CMC）时,SDBS处理的辛硫磷各初始质量浓度的平衡体系的吸附率为56.81%-66.21%,而Triton X-100处理的吸附率为75.92%-82.07%,表明SDBS对辛硫磷的解吸附能力明显强于Triton X-100。在相同质量浓度的表面活性剂作用下,辛硫磷的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附模型;且随表面活性剂浓度的增加,吸附常数Kaf逐渐变小。Soil adsorption is the key factor of reducing the efficacy of pesticides against soil pest insects.Control of the red imported fire ants with surfactant-enhanced remediation（SER） was investigated and effects of two surfactants SBDS and Triton X-100 on desorption of contact insecticides（phoxim） was tested in the soil system with a batch equilibration technique.As the concentration of SDBS or Triton X-100 increased,the adsorption rates of phoxim decreased.At 5 folds of critical micell concentration（CMC）,the adsorption rates of phoxim at the test initial concentrations treated with SDBS ranged from 56.81% to 66.21%,which were obviously lower than those（75.92%-82.07%） of Triton X-100 treatment,indicating that desorption of SDBS to phoxim in soil was higher than that of Triton X-100.The adsorption of phoxim in soil was conformed to Freundlich＇s isothermal adsorption curve,which showed that the higher amount addition of surfactants decreased the Kaf value.These results might favor the application of phoxim for the control of the red imported fire ants.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 辛硫磷 红火蚁 土壤 解吸附 

分 类 号：S481.8[农业科学—农药学]