陕北黄土区封育流域植物多样性及对地形的响应研究  

On diversity of plants & their response to terrain in loess of north shanxi

作　　者：谭枭[1] 朱清科[1] 谢芮[1] 刘中奇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2011年第2期92-100,共9页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑项目"困难立地工程造林关键技术研究"(2006BAD03A03)

摘　　要：我国半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区地形复杂,不同立地类型内的光温水热等基础环境条件的异质性影响了植物群落组成及植物多样性。该文以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区吴起县为例,取自然恢复流域进行调查试验,探究本地区植被恢复中的地形影响机理。试验运用植物样方调查法,针对退耕封育流域不同立地条件下植物群落组成及植物多样性进行调查分析。结果表明:阴坡和半阴坡主要由铁杆蒿,茭蒿和百里香群从组成;而半阳坡和阳坡主要是由铁杆蒿,冷蒿和针茅群从组成。坡向对于植物群落多样性各指数的影响显著(P<0.05),但坡度影响几乎都不显著(P>0.05)。缓坡条件下多样性指数变化为半阴坡>阴坡>阳坡>半阳坡;陡坡条件下各指数变化为阴坡>半阴坡>半阳坡>阳坡。浅沟的植物群落有小型灌木出现,物种丰富度为1.77,比对照坡面高了0.03,地上生物量为0.1077kg/m2,比对照坡面高0.036kg/m2。说明在植被恢复重建中阴坡和浅沟微地形的自然演替速率更快。The community composition and diversity of plants is strongly influenced by the heterogeneity of different types of environmental conditions such as light,heat and water,owing to the complex terrain in semi-arid and hilly-gully region in China.This paper is,take Wuqi（a county in north Shanxi,China） County as example,to explore the topographic influence mechanism of this region during vegetation restoration on the basis of survey and experiments of naturally-restoring.The experiment was done following survey of the pant samples,focusing on analyzing the community and diversity under different terrain conditions in cultivation-forbidden areas.And the result shows：the plants on shady and semi-shady sides of slopes are mainly Die-hard artemisia,Jiao artemisia and thyme groups,while mainly Die-hard artemisia,LengHao and needle MaoQun groups on sunny and semi-sunny sides.The sides of slopes influence indexes a lot（P0.05）,but the influence of gradient is not significant（P0.05）.All indexes are semi-shady,shady,sunny,and semi-sunny side on gentle slope,but shady,semi-shady,semi-sunny and sunny side on steep slope.There are some shrubs in shallow groove,the degree of species abundance is 1.77,0.03 more than its contrast slope,and its biomass is 0.1.77kg/㎡,0.036kg/㎡ more that its contrast slope.That means the speed of natural changes of plants recovery is much faster in terrain conditions of shady side and shallow groove.

关 键 词：黄土区 植被恢复 地形 生物多样性 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]