功能磁共振成像和正电子发射断层摄影技术在麻醉学研究中的应用  

The application of functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in the study of anesthesia

作　　者：刘真真[1] 薛庆生[1] 于布为[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院麻醉科,200025

出　　处：《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2011年第2期185-188,212,共5页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation

摘　　要：背景 功能影像学的发展,特别是功能磁共振成像（functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI）和正电子发射断层摄影技术（positron emission tomography,PET）的不断发展,为我们在全麻药物作用机制及疼痛等的研究中提供了新的技术方法.目的 现就近年来这两种技术在麻醉学研究中的主要应用作一综述.内容 研究发现,全麻药可使丘脑等区神经元活性降低,扣带前回和岛叶等区神经元活性增强.对大脑受体系统的研究,证实了大脑的GABAA受体参与介导全麻药在人体内发挥作用的机制.对疼痛的研究表明,阿片类镇痛药能使痛觉感受相关区域活性降低,同时使参与痛觉调节相关区域活性增强.趋向 功能影像学技术的逐渐成熟和广泛应用必定会促使麻醉学研究不断前进和发展.Background The developments of functional imaging techniques, expecially of functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） and positron emission tomography （PET）, have provided us novel approaches for the study on the mechanisms of general anesthesia and pain. Purpose Here we summarise the use of fMRI and PET in the study of anesthesia in recent years.Content It has been shown that general anesthetics could decrease the neuronal activities in some cerebral areas （e.g. thalamus）but enchance the activitiis in some other regions （e.g. anterior cingulate cortex and insula）. The special application of PET in the study of cerebral receptor system confirmed that effects of anesthetics in vivo are partially mediated through GABAergic mechanisms.The results from pain studies showed that opioid analgesics decreased the neuronal activity in the regions involved in pain perception and increased the neuronal activity in the regions related to pain modulation. Trend The evolution and the wide application of fMRI and PET surely will promote the improvement of anesthesia study.

关 键 词：功能磁共振成像 正电子发射断层摄影技术 受体 疼痛 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R614[医药卫生—诊断学]