“世界制造业中心”转移新趋势与中国的选择  

The New Trend of "World Manufacturing Center" in Evolvement and the Object of China

作　　者：米锦欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京财贸职业学院工商管理系,北京101101

出　　处：《西部论坛》2011年第2期74-82,共9页West Forum

基　　金：北京市市级课题(BJKP-L10)

摘　　要：考察英、美、德、日四国"世界制造业中心"地位的成因、表现和历史演变,并通过"世界制造业比重函数"进行分析,发现:目前"世界制造业中心"呈发散性发展,拥有"世界制造业中心"地位的发达国家主动参与制造业的转移,跨国公司在"世界制造业中心"转移过程中的作用愈发突出,制造业的转移是有梯度的转移。与此同时,世界制造业进入缓慢通道,高收入的发达国家仍在制造业领域占据优势;除技术创新外,生产经营模式不断创新,制造和服务的结合更为紧密;更加强调环保节能,注重"绿色制造"。中国在"十二五"期间,应趋利避害,借助"世界制造业中心"转移的新趋势,实现自我的产业升级,并在世界制造产业链上占据有利位置。The examination of reason,performance and historic evolvement of ＂world manufacturing center status＂ of the United Kingdom,the United States,Germany and Japan and the analysis through ＂proportional function on world manufacture＂ reveal that current ＂world manufacturing center＂ demonstrates divergent development,that the developed countries with the status of ＂world manufacturing center＂ actively participate in the transfer of manufacturing industry,that multi-national corporation plays a more and more obvious role in the process of the transfer of ＂world manufacturing center＂ and that the transfer of manufacturing industry is gradient transfer.Meanwhile,global manufacturing industry enters into slow development channel,the developed countries with high income still have the advantage in the field of manufacturing industry.Besides technical innovation,production and management mode is continuously innovated,the integration of manufacture and service is more close,environment protection and energy-saving are more highlighted,and ＂green manufacture＂ is focused on.In the ＂Twelfth-five Years Plan＂ period,China should take the opportunity and avoid the adverse factors,make use of the new trend of the transfer of ＂world manufacturing center＂ to realize China＇s industry upgrading and take favorable position in the chain of global manufacturing industry.

关 键 词：世界制造业中心 世界工厂 世界制造业比重函数 梯度转移 技术革命 技术创新 产业升级 跨国公司 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]