腐植酸提高食用型甘薯块根可溶性糖含量的生理基础  

Physiological Basis of Improving Soluble Sugar Content in Sweetpotato for Table Use by Humic Acid Application

作　　者：柳洪鹃[1] 李作梅[1] 史春余[1] 张立明[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省农业科学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《作物学报》2011年第4期711-716,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(Y2007D14);国家甘薯产业技术体系北方薯区栽培岗位科学家资助

摘　　要：选用典型的食用型甘薯品种北京553,设置施用腐植酸和对照处理,于2008—2009年2个生长季在山东农业大学农学试验站进行试验。在甘薯块根膨大过程中定期取样,测定块根可溶性糖和淀粉含量及相关酶活性、功能叶蔗糖含量及相关酶活性变化。结果表明,与对照比较,施用腐植酸显著提高了功能叶磷酸蔗糖合酶活性和蔗糖含量,生育期内平均增幅分别为30.90%和9.48%,显著降低了块根蔗糖合酶活性,平均降幅为11.04%,促进了蔗糖、果聚糖等在块根中的积累;同时,施用腐植酸还显著提高了块根中淀粉酶活性,α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶平均增幅分别为11.33%、15.70%,促进了后期葡萄糖、果糖等在块根中的积累。在甘薯收获期,块根可溶性总糖含量提高了15.49%、淀粉含量降低了3.56%。总之,施用腐植酸能够增加块根中蔗糖的供应量、抑制可溶性糖向淀粉转化、促进淀粉水解,这些是提高块根可溶性总糖含量的生理基础。Soluble sugar content is a main index of edible quality in storage root of sweetpotato for table use. Previous research showed that soluble sugar content in storage organs of plants was increased significantly by application of humic acid （HA）, but there have been little research on their physiological basis. The objective of this study was to clarify the physiological basis of soluble sugar content improvement in storage root of sweetpotato by using humic acid. The typical varieties of sweetpotato for table use （Beijing 553） was grown in a replicated experiment at agricultural experiment station of Shandong Agricultural University in two summer growing seasons of 2008 and 2009. The treatments included the control and treatment applied HA. The changes of starch content, soluble sugar content and relative enzymes activity during root tuber development, and sucrose content and relative enzymes activity in functional leaves were determined by using periodic sampling during storage root development. The results showed that compared with the control, sucrose phosphate synthase （SPS） activity and sucrose content in functional leaves were increased significantly, with the average increase of 30.90% and 9.48% during whole growth period, while sucrose synthase （SS） activity in storage root was decreased significantly with the average declines by 11.04%, that could promote accumulation of sucrose and fructan in storage root in treatment of HA. Amylase activity in treatment of applying HA was increased significantly with the average increase of 11.33% and 15.70%, respectively for α-amylase and β-amylase activity, which enlarged the accumulation of fructose and glucose in storage root. At harvest, the soluble sugar content was increased by 15.49% and the starch content was decreased by 3.56%. The increase of sucrose content, the decrease of the inversion quantity from soluble sugar to starch and the hydrolysis enhancement of starch in storage root are the physiological basis of increasing soluble sugar of s

关 键 词：甘薯 腐植酸 块根 可溶性糖 糖代谢酶 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]