我国北方不同年代玉米自交系穗部性状的演变及与产量的关系  

Evolution on Ear Traits of Maize Inbred Line in North China and Their Relationships with Yield

作　　者：王晓东[1] 史振声[1] 李明顺[2] 朴琳[1] 鲁俊田[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院特种玉米研究所,沈阳110866 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《玉米科学》2011年第2期6-11,16,共7页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：农业部"948"项目(2006-G03);农业部"行业科技"项目(ny-hyzx07-003);国家支撑计划(2007BAD31B03);辽宁省农业科技攻关计划(2008201001)

摘　　要：采用我国北方地区60年代～2000年有代表性的47个亲本自交系的穗部性状进行研究,探讨不同年代玉米自交系穗部性状的演变规律及其与产量的关系。结果表明,随着年代的更替,自交系的单位面积产量、单株产量均呈增加趋势;穗粗、千粒重呈持续增加趋势;穗粒数呈缓慢降低趋势,与千粒重呈负相关关系;秃尖度、出籽率自70年代以来没有得到正向改良;穗长、穗行数各年代间差异不显著,改良效果不明显。在主要穗部性状中,对单株产量贡献率最大的是穗粗,其次是行粒数。Ear characters of 47 parental inbred lines of representative hybrids from 1960 to 2000 in North China were studied in order to explore the relationships between evolution laws of ear characters in different years.The results showed as follows： with the renewal of inbred lines,yield per unit area and yield per plant both took on increasing trends;ear diameter and 1000-grain weight showed continuous increasing trends;grain number per spike presented slow decreasing trend and negative correlation with 1000-grain weight;barren ear tip percentage and seed-producing percentage had not been gained positive improvement since 1970;ear length,effective ear length and line number per spike had not obvious differences among different years and modified effects were not obvious.Among the main ear characters,ear diameter made greatest contributions to yield per plant and the second was grain number per row,which direct path coefficient came to 0.509 6 and 0.326 2,respectively.

关 键 词：玉米 自交系 穗部性状 演变规律 相关分析 

分 类 号：S513.035[农业科学—作物学]