江鳕胚后形态发育特征  

The morphological characteristics of post embryonic development in freshwater cod Lota lota

作　　者：肖国华[1] 赵振良[1] 高晓田[1] 蒋燕[2] 田彦强[2] 陈力[1] 韩晓莲[3] 张立坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省水产研究所河北省渔业资源与环境重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066000 [2]石家庄市水产管理处,河北石家庄050010 [3]河北省水产局外资办,河北石家庄050011

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2011年第1期34-40,共7页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：河北省水产局专项基金项目 编号：冀渔科20070405

摘　　要：在直径2m的圆形玻璃钢槽内,水深0.3m,弱光,水温6～16℃下,详细观察了江鳕（Lota lota Linnaeus）胚后发育过程。结果表明,依形态发育,将出膜后的江鳕发育分为两个阶段（仔鱼期和稚鱼期）11个发育期。仔鱼期分为卵黄囊期仔鱼和后期仔鱼,历时62d;卵黄囊期仔鱼由单独依靠内源营养至混合营养过程,包括孵出期、胸鳍形成期、鳃弧期、鳔形成期和腹鳍形成期,历时31d;后期仔鱼从卵黄囊和油球消失,仔鱼完全依靠外源营养到各鳍基本形成为止,包括卵黄消失期、尾鳍形成期、背鳍分化期和臀鳍形成期,历时31d。稚鱼期包括鳞片出现期和鳞片形成期,历时5d。卵黄囊期仔鱼生长发育缓慢,后期仔鱼期和稚鱼期生长发育较快。The post embryonic development of freshwater cod Lota lota is described in the paper.The larvae were cultivated in a 2 m diameter fibregrass tank with water depth of 0.3 m at water temperature of 6～16℃ under low sunlight.The process of post-embryonic development is divided into two stages： larval and juvenile,including eleven subdevelopmental stages.The larval stage is divided into two substages including yolk sac larval and post-larval stage,lasting for 62 days.The yolk sac larval stage development includes hatching stage,pectoral formation stage,branchial arch stage,air bladder formation stag and pelvic fin formation stage,that is,the process from endogenous nutrition to mix-nutrition,lasting 31 days.The postlarvae depend exdogenous nutrition when yolk sac and oil globule disappear.And the process of of post-larval stage development includes exhaustion of yolk stage,caudal fin formation,differentiation of dorsal fin and formation of anal fin,lasting 31 days.The juvenile development of the cod is divided into two stages： squama appearance and squama formation,lasting 5 days.The yolk sac larvae of freshwater cod grow and develop slowly,while the post larvae and juveniles grow and develop rapidly.

关 键 词：江鳕 胚后发育 形态观察 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]