生物合成纳米晶的研究进展  

Research Progress on Biosynthesis of Nano-Crystal

作　　者：付云芝[1,2] 张永强[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学材料与化工学院,海南海口570228 [2]中国科学院化学研究所胶体与界面国家重点实验室北京100082

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2011年第3期47-53,共7页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(90207026);海南省教育厅基金项目(Hjkj2009-13)

摘　　要：生物合成纳米材料具有独特的生物光、电、光化学等性质,为纳米材料的应用开辟了新的应用领域。生物合成主要是利用生物分子、微生物、植物及其提取物的还原特性参与纳米晶的合成,具有原料来源广,反应条件温和,产物纳米颗粒不易团聚,以及过程加入的化学试剂和产生的有毒副产物少等特点。生物合成纳米材料,就是在纳米颗粒的生长环境中加入生物分子化合物(微生物如真菌、酵母菌、细菌、放线菌和植物及其提取物),该化合物一般用作保护剂吸附在纳米颗粒的周围,以防止纳米颗粒的团聚,同样,又赋予生物纳米颗粒生物相容性,增加纳米颗粒在生物医学、食品检测等上面的应用。通过对国内外有关生物纳米晶的合成研究文献的查阅与归纳,本文对微生物、植物及其提取物等生物合成纳米晶的方法进行了综述,并对不同生物还原法所合成的纳米晶的特性进行了归纳和展望,以期对生物合成纳米晶的研究提供参考。Bio-synthesis of nano-crystal has particular characters such as bio-optical, electrical, photochemical and other properties, which have opened up new fields in application of nanomaterials. Bio-synthesis of nano-crystals mainly uses bio- logical molecules, microbes, plants and their extracts as coat in the reduction system. There are more advantages of bio-syn- thetic nanoparticles such as a wide source of raw materials, mild reaction conditions, non-agglomerated nanoparticles, and less toxic by-products. Biosynthesis of nano-crystal is to add biological molecules （ microbes such as fungi, microzyme , ac- tinomyceto, bacterium, plants and their extracts） as coat into the synthesis system, as the biological molecules can absorb on the surface of the nanoparticles to keep off congregation, and can endow them with biocompatibility for application in bio- medicine and foodstuff detection. Methods for biosynthesis of nano-crystal using microorganism, plants and their extracts have been reviewed, and features of nano-crystals synthesized by different biological reduction processes have been summa- rized and forecasted, based on domestic and foreign research literature on nano-crystal synthesis, in the hope of giving refer- ences to study on biosynthesis of nano-crystal.

关 键 词：生物合成纳米晶 微生物 植物及其提取物 

分 类 号：O648[理学—物理化学]