上海市郊某区大棚果蔬种植者农药使用行为调查  

Study on Using Behaviors of Pesticides among Greenhouse Fruit and Vegetable Planters in A Suburb District of Shanghai City

作　　者：沈惠平[1] 彭云[1] 孙志伟[1] 陈秀红[1] 柏品清[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心,200136

出　　处：《职业与健康》2011年第7期721-723,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2008年上海市南汇区科委项目(编号:NKYL0809)

摘　　要：目的了解大棚果蔬生产行业从业人员农药使用知识、态度和行为,为指导其安全、合理、有效用药提供依据。方法随机抽取4个镇,分别从大棚种植比较集中的几个村,各选取70人作问卷调查,内容包括人员基本信息和农药使用各环节的知、信、行等。结果共收集到有效问卷274份;大棚从业人员对有关农药购买和安全使用要求有较高的知晓率(73.89%),但应用时重视不够,有61.68%的人能按安全隔离期施药,不记录施药情况的达42.7%。仅有23.36%的被调查户采用了正确的存放农药方式,对使用后的农药包装随意丢弃的达86.13%。87.96%的被调查者在购买农药时首先考虑防治效果,能按说明书要求配制农药浓度的占66.42%;在农药使用各环节的个人防护方面,85.77%的人会穿长袖衣裤,但帽子、口罩、防护眼镜的穿戴率低,分别为29.2%、24.09%和10.58%。86.41%的被调查者认为需要有关农药知识的培训,农技部门专家和农药销售人员对大棚果蔬种植者农药使用行为影响较大。结论要进一步加强农技队伍和农资销售网络人员的建设、培训,并以此为主要的工作平台,将农药安全使用和防护的知识作为培训、推广的内容,推动农业农民职业安全健康和农产品安全卫生保障。[Objective]To understand the knowledge,attitude and behavior of greenhouse fruit and vegetable planters towards pesticides use,and provide evidence for safe,effective and rational using behaviors of pesticides.[Methods]A total of 70 people from the villages with more greenhouses of 4 counties were selected for questionnaire survey which included social demographic characteristics,knowledge,attitude and practice about using behaviors of pesticides.[Results]A total of 274 valid questionnaires were collected in the investigation.The awareness of pesticides purchase and safely using requirements was high（73.89%） among planters,but the attention was insufficient during applications,the rate of pesticides using based on safety isolation period was 61.68%,about 42.7% planters didn＇t record the using situation of pesticides.Only 23.36% respondents stored pesticides correctly.86.13% threw away the packaging after use of pesticides.87.96% respondents primarily considered the prevention and cure effect of pesticides during purchase.66.42% respondents could prepare pesticides according to the manual;there were differences on personal protection during the use of pesticides,85.77% respondents would wear long-sleeved clothes,but the wearing rate of hat,masks and protective glasses was low（29.2%.24.09% and 10.58% separately）.86.41% respondents thought they needed training about knowledge of pesticides.The agricultural experts and pesticide salesman had great impact on greenhouse fruit and vegetable planters[Conclusion]It is necessary to promote the building and training of agricultural technique team and marketing salesmen.And based on the above platform,the knowledge of safe use of pesticides and safety protection against pesticides was adopted as training and popularization contents,so as to promote occupational safety of agriculture and occupational health of peasants,and guarantee agricultural products safety and sanitation.

关 键 词：大棚 农药使用 行为 防护 

分 类 号：R139[医药卫生—劳动卫生]