输变电设施与家用电器对居室工频磁场的影响  

Effect of Power Transmission and Transformation Facilities and Domestic Appliances on Indoor Power Frequency Magnetic Field

作　　者：孙海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国航空规划建设发展有限公司八院环评所,北京市100120

出　　处：《职业与健康》2011年第8期853-856,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解居民居室内磁场强度大于0.4μT的情况。方法采用德国Narda公司生产的EFA-300低频电磁场分析仪对输变电设施和居民家用电器的工频磁场强度进行监测。结果距户外110 kV输变电设施15 m以上、距220 kV输变电设施65 m以上居室内工频磁场强度低于0.4μT,而地埋式110 kV输变电设施在地面处的磁场强度基本都小于0.4μT,故对居室内的磁场强度基本无影响;根据对家用电器周边工频磁场强度的监测结果,由于其功率、种类等的不同,相同距离处磁场强度数值不同,但离开其1 m位置处的磁场强度基本都小于0.4μT。结论叠加家用电器和输变电设施的工频磁场强度,在开启家用电器的工况下,居室内的工频磁场强度要高于关闭家用电器的工况。因此,为了避免室内磁场强度超过0.4μT,应及时关闭家用电器,或远离开启中的家用电器,以减少磁场强度对人体的影响。[Objective]To investigate the indoor power frequency magnetic fields intension that may exceed 0.4 μT.[Methods]The power frequency magnetic fields intension of power transmission and transformation facilities and domestic appliances was monitored with EFA-300 produced by Narda company in Germany.[Results]According to the monitoring results,away from the outdoor 110kV power transmission and transformer facilities above 15m and away from the 220kV power transmission and transformer facilities above 65m,the indoor power frequency magnetic fields intension were all below 0.4 μT,while the underground 110 kV power transmission and transformer facilities caused no influence on indoor power frequency magnetic fields intension which were all below 0.4 μT at surface monitor spots.According to the monitoring results of the power frequency magnetic fields intension of domestic appliances,for the different power and type of the domestic appliances,the power frequency magnetic fields intension were also different at the same distance,while the intension were all below 0.4 μT when keeping 1m away from them.[Conclusion]Superimposing the power frequency magnetic fields intension of power transmission and transformer facilities and domestic appliances,the intension in the residences with the appliances on is greater than that with the appliances off.Thus,in order to avoid the indoor power frequency magnetic fields intension over 0.4 μT,the appliances should be shut off in time.To decrease the influences on health,people should keep away from the operating appliances.

关 键 词：输变电设施 家用电器 居室 工频磁场强度 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]