鲁中山区小流域坡面侵蚀土壤养分空间分异特征研究  

Spatial Variability Characteristics of Slope Soil Nutrients in Small Watershed of The Middle of Shandong Province

作　　者：王艳华[1] 董元杰[1] 张民[1] 邱现奎[1] 胡国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《土壤》2011年第2期179-183,共5页Soils

基　　金：国家"948"项目(2011-G30);山东省中青年科学家奖励基金项目(BS2009NY025);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD11B01;2011BAD11B02)资助

摘　　要：采用野外采样、室内分析的方法,以鲁中山区九仙山小流域3个自然坡面（阳坡、东坡和西坡）为研究对象,探讨了小流域坡面侵蚀条件下土壤养分的空间分布特征。结果表明,3个坡面有机质含量呈现出顺坡距离小于20 m时,有机质含量按照东坡〉西坡〉阳坡的顺序递减,顺坡距离大于30 m时,有机质含量按照西坡〉阳坡〉东坡的顺序递减;沿顺坡方向,3个坡面不同坡位土壤有机质、碱解N、速效P、速效K含量存在差异,总体趋势是坡面中上部土壤有机质和速效养分含量偏低,在坡底部养分相对富集;东坡和西坡剖面不同层次土壤有机质、碱解N、速效P、速效K含量随着土壤深度的增加而降低,其中有机质在0~20 cm平均含量约为8 g/kg,在80~100 cm处约为2 g/kg,碱解N在0~20 cm平均含量为50 mg/kg,在80~100 cm处为20 mg/kg。In this study,we took three natural slopes（Sunny slope,East slope and West slope） in a small watershed of Shandong Province to explore the spatial variability characteristics of soil nutrients.The results showed that organic matter content was in a trend of East slope West slope Sunny slope when the distance was less than 20 m along the slope direction but in a trend of West slope Sunny slope East slope when the distance was more than 30 m.Along the slope direction,soil organic matter and available N,P and K contents of the three slopes were different,and were in a general trend of lower in the upper and higher in the bottom of the slopes.Soil organic matter and available N,P and K contents of East slope and West slope decreased as the depth increased.The average content of organic matter was about 8 g/kg at 0-20 cm and about 2 g/kg at 80-100 cm and available N content was 50 mg/kg at 0-20 cm and 20 mg/kg at 80-100 cm.

关 键 词：小流域坡面 侵蚀土壤 养分 空间变异 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]