冬季猪舍粪便贮存过程中CH_4排放特征试验  

Characteristics of CH4 Emission from Liquid Manure Stored in Under-floor Pit of Pig House in Winter

作　　者：叶章颖[1] 李保明[2] 张国强[3] 泮进明[1] 郑荣进[1] 朱松明[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州310058 [2]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [3]奥胡斯大学农学院

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2011年第4期184-189,210,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31001028);丹麦食品;农业和渔业部项目(3304-VMP-05-032-01);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y5080143)

摘　　要：利用丹麦猪舍和液态猪粪便进行了CH4气体排放测试,比较了3种粪坑内粪便高度(0.15、0.40、0.65m)、4种通风量(211、650、1852、3088 m3/h)、粪坑内有无挡板情况下冬季猪舍粪便贮存过程中CH4排放通量。测试结果表明:粪便高度、粪便温度和通风量可以用来解释大部分的CH4排放通量变化差异;对于使用渗透性天花板进气和负压通风排气系统,4种通风量之间CH4排放通量差异不显著,但由于通风量的增加同时会降低舍内与粪坑内空气温度和粪便温度,因此要综合考虑通风量和温度对气体排放通量的影响;液态猪粪便中CH4排放通量随着粪坑内粪便高度的降低而减少;设置粪坑挡板对粪坑内CH4排放没有影响;敏感性分析表明CH4排放通量相对于粪便温度、粪便高度和通风量的敏感性依次减小(敏感度依次减小)。在较低的通风量和粪便高度变化区间,CH4排放通量变化的敏感性要高于较高的通风量和粪便高度变化区间,但对于粪便温度变化趋势正好相反。CH4 emissions from liquid pig manure stored in under-floor pits were investigated using an empty full-scale pig house in Denmark in winter season.The experiment designs were three manure depths of 0.15,0.40 and 0.65 m,four ventilation rates of 211,650,1 852 and 3 088 m3/h,and with or without pit curtains.The three parameters that explained most of the variability of the CH4 emissions were manure temperature,manure depth and ventilation rate.There were no significant differences in CH4 emission rates among four ventilation rates with diffuse ceiling inlet and negative pressure exhaust.However,the lower manure temperature could reduce CH4 emission or compensate the effects of higher ventilation rate.CH4 emission rate reduced with decreasing manure depth in pit.No significant differences in CH4 emission rates were found by using manure pit curtains.The emission rates were more sensitive to manure temperature than to manure depth and ventilation rate due to higher sensitivity percentages.At the lower ventilation rate and manure depth ranges,the emission rates were more sensitive to ventilation rate change compared to the higher ones.However,the contrary sensitivity responses for different manure temperature ranges were obtained.

关 键 词：猪舍 甲烷排放 粪坑 排放通量 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S815.9[农业科学—畜牧学]