广西地质灾害特征及其形成机理——极端低温天气条件的影响  

Characteristics and formation mechanism of geological disaster in Guangxi Province:influence of extreme low temperature weather condition

作　　者：于怀昌[1] 李亚丽[1] 师邑[2] 余宏明[3] 殷坤龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电学院,河南郑州450011 [2]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710075 [3]中国地质大学,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2011年第2期121-125,共5页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：河南省教育厅自然科学研究计划项目(2010B410003)

摘　　要：2008年初广西遭受了五十年一遇罕见的持续低温雨雪冰冻天气过程。在大量现场调查的基础上,对广西低温雨雪冰冻天气过程中以及冰雪融化期间发生的地质灾害类型、特征、灾害的时空分布以及形成机理进行研究。研究表明:(1)灾害类型以崩塌为主,其次为滑坡、地面塌陷和地裂缝;(2)地质灾害规模以小型为主,不同的灾害类型分布区域性强,持续低温雨雪冰冻天气过程不仅激活了一些已存在的灾害隐患点,而且产生了大量新的地质灾害点和隐患点;(3)低温雨雪冰冻天气过程与地质灾害的时空分布总体上是一致的;(4)广西脆弱的地质环境与数十年一遇的天气过程二者叠加作用,导致了各类地质灾害的频发,其中低温雨雪冰冻天气过程是诱发地质灾害的主要因素。At the beginning of the year 2008,Guangxi Province suffered the extreme weather once a 50-year and characterized by the low temperature,rain and snow as well as freezing.A large number of geological disasters took place during the extreme weather and the snow melting,which have resulted in heavy losses of life and property.On the basis of field geological investigation,the type,distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of geological disasters occurring during the extreme weather and the snow melting in Guangxi Province were analyzed.The main results of this research can be summarized as follows：（1）The types of geological disasters are mainly rockfalls,followed by the landslides,ground collapses and ground fissures.（2）The scales of geological disasters are mainly small.Different types of geological disasters present obvious regional difference.Not only some potential hazards but also a lot of new disasters are activated by the extreme weather.（3）The spatiotemporal distribution of the extreme weather and geological disasters are similar.（4）The geological hazards are caused by the additive effect of the fragile geological environment and extreme weather,among which the extreme weather is the main factor.

关 键 词：低温雨雪冰冻天气 地质灾害 类型 时空分布 形成机理 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]