2002-2010年吉林市5岁以下儿童死亡监测结果分析  

Analysis on result of under 5 mortality surveillance of Jilin city 2002-2010

作　　者：王新 丁元萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省吉林市社区卫生工作管理办公室,132011 [2]吉林市妇女儿童保健中心信息科,132021

出　　处：《中国妇幼卫生杂志》2011年第2期77-79,共3页Chinese Journal of Women and Children Health

摘　　要：目的对吉林市5岁以下儿童死亡率和死亡原因进行不同年份的比较,寻找儿童死因变化的趋势与规律,为制定吉林市降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的卫生政策和干预措施提供理论依据。方法利用2002-2010年吉林市管辖的10个县(市)、区5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行分析。结果 2010年新生儿死亡率为4.00‰,婴儿死亡率6.68‰,5岁以下儿童死亡率8.00‰;与2002年相比,新生儿死亡率下降了5.02%,婴儿死亡率下降了4.37%,5岁以下儿童死亡率下降了4.17%。5岁以下儿童死亡前5位死因顺位依次为:早产/低体重、先天性心脏病、出生窒息、先天异常、意外死亡。结论①9年监测资料显示,新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率下降速度均较快,说明加强对基层妇幼保健人员ARI标准病案管理及新生儿窒息复苏适宜技术培训,是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的有力措施;②早产/低体重、先天性心脏病、先天异常分别已上升到第一、二、四位,已成为影响该地区儿童生存和发展的主要危险因素。提示应加强婚前医学检查、孕前、孕期保健指导宣传,提高产科质量,加强新生儿访视,强化环境治理与保护,对能引起先天异常的各种因素及时干预、预防,减少出生缺陷的发生,提高人口素质。Objective To make a comparison of Under-5 mortality rates and death causes of different years of Jilin City and find out the changing trends and rules of child death causes, thus to provide evidence for the development of the health policies and intervention measures on the reducing of under 5 mortality rate in Jilin. Methods Make an analysis on the data of under-5 mortality surveillance during 2002-2010 of 10 counties （cities, districts） in Jilin City. Results The neonatal mortality rate in 2010 was 4.00‰, the infant mortality rate was 6.68‰, under-5 mortality rate was 8.00‰. Compared with 2002, the neonatal mortality rate fell 5.02%, 4.37% decline in infant mortality, 4.17% decline in under-5 mortality. The top 5 causes of under-5 death were： premature birth, low birth weight, congenital heart disease, birth asphyxia and congenital anomalies in order. Conclusions ① The nine-year surveillance data showed that newborns, infants, and under-5 mortality rates decreased fast comparatively which demonstrated that strengthening the trainings in grassroots MCH staffs on ARI standard case management and neonatal resuscitation is an effective measure to reduce under-5 mortality;② Preterm / low birth weight, congenital heart disease and congenital abnormalities have risen to the first, second and fourth death causes respectively. They have also become major risk factors to affect the survival and development of the children in our area. This suggested that we should strengthen pre-marital medical examination, pre-pregnancy and pregnancy health guidance and education, improve the quality of obstetric, strengthen newborn family visits, strengthen environmental management and protection, and conduct timely intervention and prevention on various factors that can lead to congenital abnormalities to reduce birth defects and improve population quality.

关 键 词：5岁以下儿童 死亡率 死因顺位 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]