机械深施缓释肥对精量穴直播超级稻生理特性的影响  

Effects of deep mechanized application of slow-release fertilizers on physiological characteristics of precision hill-direct-seeding super rice

作　　者：舒时富[1] 唐湘如[1] 罗锡文[2,3] 黎国喜[1] 王在满[2,3] 郑天翔[1] 贾兴娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642 [3]华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2011年第3期89-92,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2006AA10A307);广东省农业攻关项目(2004B20101007);"十一五"国家科技支撑项目(2007BAD89B14)

摘　　要：为了探明精量穴直播水稻机械深施肥技术的增产机理,通过大田试验,研究了机械深施缓释肥对精量穴直播超级稻培杂泰丰(超级杂交稻)和玉香油占(超级常规稻)的光合生理和抗衰老生理特性的影响。结果表明:与人工撒施缓释肥基肥(CK)比较,精量穴直播超级稻机械深施缓释肥基肥(T2)在齐穗期和成熟期的光合速率和叶绿素含量(SPARD值)分别提高2.00%～4.13%和9.5%～12.37%,2.74%～4.44%和6.01%～6.66%;所有机械深施缓释肥(T1、T2和T3)处理较人工撒施缓释肥(CK),在齐穗期、齐穗期后15d和成熟期的剑叶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均显著提高,而丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著降低。In order to explore the high-yield mechanism of deep mechanized application of the slow-release fertilizers,the field experiments were carried out to study effects of deep mechanized application of slow-release fertilizers on physiological characteristics of precision hill-direct-seeding super rice which were Peizataifeng（Super Hybrid Rice） and Yuxiangyouzhan（Super Inbred Rice）.Results showed that compared with manual broadcast application of the slow-release fertilizers at the full heading stage and the mature stage,the photosynthetic rate and the chlorophyll content（SPARD value） increased significantly by 22.00%-4.13%,9.5%-12.37%,2.74%-4.44% and 6.01%-6.66%,respectively,and the activities of super-oxide dismutase（SOD） and peroxidase（POD） of precision hill-direct-seeding super rice of all treatments（including T1,T2 and T3） for deep mechanized application of the slow-release fertilizers increased significantly,while their malondialdehyde（MDA） content reduced significantly at full heading stage,15 days after full heading and mature stage.These results indicated that the deep mechanized application of the slow-release fertilizers can promote photosynthesis and resist,then enhance yield of precision hill-direct-seeding super rice.

关 键 词：作物 耕作 试验 机械深施肥 缓释肥 精量穴直播 生理特性 

分 类 号：S233.71[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S511[农业科学—农业工程]