Simpson指数和Shannon-Wiener指数若干特征的分析及“稀释效应”  

Some characteristics of Simpson index and the Shannon-Wiener index and their dilution effect

作　　者：许晴[1] 张放[1] 许中旗[1] 贾彦龙[1] 尤建民 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省木兰围场国有林场管理局,河北围场068400

出　　处：《草业科学》2011年第4期527-531,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD03A11);河北农业大学博士基金

摘　　要：基于一种假设的群落条件,对目前应用较广的两种α多样性指数——Simpson指数和Shannon-Wiener指数的特征进行对比和分析,以期能够对其进行更好地理解、应用和解释。通过假设的群落条件及情景设计证明,Simpson指数比Shannon-Wiener指数对物种均匀度更为敏感,而Shannon-Wiener指数对物种丰富度更敏感。同时,研究结果表明,物种的相对多度0.72可以近似作为一个物种是否是富集种的衡量标准。两种多样性指数都存在"稀释效应",即当一个群落新增加物种的相对多度超过某一限度时,群落多样性指数不但不增加,反而会有所下降,对于Simpson指数来说,该限度约为0.67,对于Shannon-Wiener指数来说,该限度约为0.77。Based on the hypothesized community conditions,this study compared the characteristics of Simpson index and the Shannon-Wiener index,which were used to analyze the species diversity of community,to improve the understanding,application and interpretation of these two diversity indexes.At the hypothesized community conditions and scenario,this study proved that Simpson index was more sensitive to the evenness change than Shannon-Wiener index,and Shannon-Wiener index was more sensitive to the richness change than Simpson index.This study also showed that the relative important value of 0.72 could be considered as a criterion for enrichment species approximately.The dilution effect was found for Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index,in which a community biodiversity index decreased when the relative abundance of a new immigrated species exceeded the threshold value,which was 0.67 for Simpson index and 0.77 for Shannon-Wiener index.

关 键 词：Simpson指数 SHANNON-WIENER指数 稀释效应 均匀度 丰富度 富集种 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]