施钾量对新春22号小麦生理特性及产量的影响  

Effect of Potassium on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Xinchun 22 Wheat

作　　者：徐智全[1] 庄丽[1] 穆培源[2] 徐红军[2] 公维昌[1] 占东霞[1] 孙书秒[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2011年第3期57-61,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：中科院支新项目;兵团博士基金(2010JC02);兵团重大产学研合作科技专项(2010ZX03)

摘　　要：为确定新疆准噶尔地区小麦高产优质的适宜施钾量,以新春22号为材料,研究施钾水平对小麦生理特性及产量的影响。结果表明,增施钾肥能提高小麦叶片叶绿素含量,减少各生育期MDA含量。在小麦灌浆期,施钾处理较对照SOD、POD活性均有所提高。钾肥施用量过低或过高均会影响小麦相关生理过程的正常进行。小麦不同生育期硝酸还原酶活性均与其同一时期及后一时期的MDA含量呈显著正相关;小麦拔节期叶绿素含量与灌浆期SOD、POD活性呈极显著正相关;拔节期、成熟期叶绿素含量与其同时期的MDA含量呈显著负相关。钾肥施用量在225 kg.hm-2时,新春22号小麦产量和品质均下降;施用量在300kg.hm-2时,产量达到最高,但品质较低;而施用量在75~150 kg.hm-2时,不仅能使产量有所提高,并且能保证其品质,实现优质高产。In order to ascertain the proper potassium rates for high yield and quality wheat in the Junggar area of Xinjiang,Xinchun 22 was served as the material to study the effects of potassium fertilizer rates on wheat yield and quality.The results showed that potassium fertilization could raise chlorophyll content and reduce MDA content in wheat plant.At grain-filling stage,activities of SOD and POD in the treatment of potassium fertilization were higher than the control.But undue potassium fertilization will affect related physiological process in wheat.NR activity at different stage are significant positive correlation with MDA content at the same stage and next stage in wheat;chlorophyll content at jointing stage are extreme significant positive correlation with SOD and POD activity in pustulation stage;chlorophyll content in jointing and maturation stage with MDA content are significant negative correlation.When the potassium application was 225 kg·hm-2,yield and quality Xinchun 22 wheat both decreased;when it was 300 kg·hm-2,yield was highest,but quality was lowest;when it was 75-150 kg·hm-2,highter yield and good quality were obtained.

关 键 词：小麦 钾 生理特性 产量 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]