绿肥对土壤酶活性的影响  

Effect of Green Manure on Soil Enzyme Activity

作　　者：孙颖[1] 赵晓会[1] 和文祥[1] 高亚军[1] 曹卫东[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2011年第3期115-119,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803029-13);西北农林科技大学"青年学术骨干人才支持"计划项目

摘　　要：采用田间试验,测定3种绿肥(大豆、怀豆、绿豆)和不同施氮量复合作用下,影响土壤碳、氮、磷、硫等物质循环的土壤酶活性变化特征。结果表明,绿肥对土壤酶活性有重要影响,其中怀豆和大豆在大多数情况下激活土壤酶活性,而绿豆对脲酶等表现出抑制作用;施氮抑制土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶的活性,增加芳香硫酸酯酶和脱氢酶活性,对磷酸酶影响较小;除脲酶外,绿肥和施氮量及其交互作用对土壤酶的影响均达显著或极显著水平,且土壤酶活性与土壤有机质等呈现显著或极显著正相关;计算得到的总体酶活性顺序为怀豆>大豆>绿豆>休闲,其与土壤性质的相关性远高于单一酶系,揭示出总体酶活性不仅可表征土壤肥力水平的高低,而且绿肥种植和翻压后提升了土壤酶活性水平,是一种较好的环保培肥措施;在渭北旱塬地区,怀豆是种较好的绿肥培肥品种。As a nitrogen-fixing and carbon-reducing crop,leguminous green manure（GM） played an important role in improving soil fertility and reducing nitrogenous fertilizer usage.By field experiment,soil enzyme activities was studied,which catalyze recycle of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,sulfur and other material in soil after the application of three GM（soybean,huai bean,green beans） and different usages of nitrogenous fertilizer.The results showed that GM had an important effect on soil enzyme activity.In most cases,huai bean and soybean could activated soil enzyme activity,while green bean could inhibited soil urease activity.Nitrogenous fertilizer application could inhibited soil invertase and urease activity,activated arylsulphatase and dehydrogenase activity,have less impact on phosphatase activity,GM,nitrogenous fertilizer and their interaction had significant or remarkably significant influence on soil enzyme activityis,their relationship reached significant or remarkably significant positive correlation between soil enzyme activity and soil organic matter;The order of total enzyme activity（TEI） was： Huai bean〉soybean〉green bean〉fallow,the correlation coefficient were higher than signal enzyme with soil properties.Revealed that TEI was an better index to monitor soil fertility levels,GM could increase the soil enzyme activity,improve soil fertility,was a better environment-friendly fertilization.In Weibei Plateau,huai beans was better green manure species.

关 键 词：绿肥 土壤酶活性 总体酶活性 施氮量 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]