上海地区献血人群免疫球蛋白A缺乏调查  

A survey of immunoglobulin A deficiency among Shanghai blood donors

作　　者：赵玉林[1,2] 冯明亮[1] 沈彤[1] 黄慧[1,2] 印彪[1,2] 刘熔增[1,2] 钱开诚[1] 刘达庄[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市血液中心,上海200051 [2]华东师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2011年第3期211-214,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：上海市卫生局科研基金(2007070);上海市医学领先专业重点学科基金(105Ⅲ003)共同资助

摘　　要：目的筛查免疫球蛋白缺乏症（1gAD）患者，了解上海地区献血者中IgAD缺乏频率，以预防IgA输血过敏反应风险发生。方法采用IgA完全缺乏检测标准（IgA含量〈0．05mg／d1），以ELISA法对上海地区22609名健康献血者的血清标本作初步筛查，IgAD者再用凝胶免疫法确认，同时对IgAD标本作抗-IgA检测。结果在22609份健康献血者标本中，有7例确认为IgA含量〈0．05mg／dl，由此推算出上海地区献血人群完全IgAD缺乏比例为0．031％（7／22609）；另有7例血清Iga含量在（0．39—3．70）mg／dl，表现为相对IgAD。在这14例]gAD（IgA〈5mg／d1）标本中鉴定出2例含抗-IgA。结论上海地区健康献血者中IgA缺乏发生频率介于日本人种与高加索人种之间，但对IgAD者的输血仍存在潜在的风险，需要采取一定措施预防和规避输血过敏反应的发生。Objective To screen immunoglobulin A deficient blood donors in Shanghai, and to obtain the prevalence of IgA deficiency and to prevent anti-IgA anaphylactic transfusion reaction. Methods The diagnostic criteria of absolute IgA deficiency, defined as IgA level 〈 0. 05mg/dl was used in this study. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was initially performed to screen for IgA-deficient serum samples among 22 609 healthy volunteer blood donors in Shanghai. Parti- cle gel immunoassay was used for confirmation. Anti-IgA antibodies were tested in IgA-deficient blood donors. Results Of the total 22 609 healthy blood donors ,7 were confirmed as having a serum IgA concentration 〈 0. 05 mg/dl, hence, the abso-lute IgA deficiency rate was 0. 031% （7/22 609） in Shanghai blood donor population. Another 7 cases displayed relative IgA deficiency, with IgA concentrations ranging from 0. 39 to 3.70 mg/dl. Anti-IgA antibodies were identified in 2 of the 14 IgA-deficient blood donors whose IgA levels were 〈 5 mg/dl. Conclusion The frequency of IgA deficiency among Shang- hai healthy blood donors is higher than that of Japanese but lower than Caucasians. However, potential risks exist when trans-fusing IgA containing blood to IgA-deficient persons, and measures should be taken to prevent anti-IgA anaphylaxis.

关 键 词：IgA缺乏 抗-IgA 输血过敏反应 健康献血者 上海 

分 类 号：R446.62[医药卫生—诊断学]