对双宾句生成G参数分析模式的几点疑问--兼论双宾结构的句法语义  

The G-parameter Approach to the Double Object Construction:Some Observations and an Alternative Account

作　　者：曹道根[1] 黄华新[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江财经学院外国语学院,杭州310018 [2]浙江大学语言与认知研究中心,杭州310028

出　　处：《外国语》2011年第1期34-43,共10页Journal of Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社科基金(09BYY002)

摘　　要：解释双宾句生成需要对间宾(IO)的题元指派和论元实现加以说明。何晓炜为此主张设立表"传递"语义的参数化功能语类G,由此带来不少问题。张宁为双宾句生成设立在一定语言中取默认语义的空动词E设想也存在困难。本文认为,双宾句中IO获间接格,其题元经由一表路径零形介词赋予;路径义或为词汇凸显、或为语用凸显;双宾句式必然和"拥有"语义相关,双宾结构含表"拥有性"不及物性质功能语类Poss;IO或因话题性发生相关位移或因句末焦点属性滞留原位,这样,既可解释V+IO+DO双宾句的生成,也可解释V+DO+IO双宾句的生成;后者可见于汉语方言以及冰岛语、德语等语言中。How the indirect object （IO） acquires its theta role and its argument position is crucial in the account for the derivation of the double object construction （DOC）. A parameterized functional category G meaning TRANSFER is proposed to tackle the issue, but it turns out problematic. An earlier postulation of a null verb E that typologically selects its default semantic value in a certain language also proves unviable. Tbis paper proposes the existence in DOC of a null path-indicating preposition that serves as the Oblique Case marker for IO and that serves to assign a theta role to IO. The PATH construal consists either within the verb frame hence salient lexically or without it hence salient pragmatically. It is argued that DOC invariably has to do with the POSSESSION meaning and that a Possessive functional head of the intransitive nature, which indicates possessiveness rather than possession, is accordingly posited in the DOC syntax. IO may either undergo a kind of movement due to its topicality feature resulting in the V ＋ IO ＋ DO order or remain in-situ due to its sentence-final focus feature resulting in the V ＋ DO ＋ IO order as observed in many Chinese dialects as well as in Icelandic and German.

关 键 词：双宾句 参数 路径义 拥有性 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]