油粒子体积对扩散的影响及油膜粒子化改进  

Impact of Size of Oil-particle on Oil Film and Improved Method of Changing Oil Slick into Particles

作　　者：杨红[1] 王珂[1] 胡松[1,2] 林军[1] 韩众[1] 解满俊 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学海洋生态系统与环境实验室,上海201306 [3]上海海滨污水处理有限公司,上海201300

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2011年第4期18-22,26,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：中国近海海洋综合调查与评价(908专项):908-01-BC22

摘　　要：在应用油粒子法模拟溢油运动时,特征油粒子在体积和油膜粒子化方法上可以有多种选择。文章就不同特征体积的油粒子对溢油面积的影响进行了分析和比较,结果显示,溢油量相同时,特征油粒子的体积每减小一倍,溢油扩散面积增加14%~25%,减小10倍时,达到31%~43%。针对溢油扩散面积计算不足的情况,已有学者提出用＂两阶段＂法进行改进,但＂两阶段＂法在油膜粒子化时采用的是平均分布,而此时的油膜应为正态分布,即中间厚,向四周逐渐减少。因此,文章应用正态分布法对油膜粒子化进行改进,得到自己的油膜粒子化方法。结果显示,两方法在计算溢油面积时并无太大的差别,但在油膜厚度计算方面,文章方法更接近实际情况。In the application of oil-particle method to simulate the oil spill,there are a lot of options for the size of characteristic oil-particle and the method of changing oil slick into particles.Effects by different sizes of characteristic oil-particle were analyzed and compared.Results showed that under the same total volume of oil spills,the simulated area of oil spill increased by 14%～25% as the size of the characteristic oil-particle decreased by 50% and simulated area of oil spill increased by 31%～43% as the size of the characteristic oil-particle decreased by 10 times.Two-stage method was proposed to improve the oil-particle method which has a shortage in calculating oil spill area,however,the two-stage method evenly distributed the changing oil slick into particles in space,while the oil film should be normal distributed in space.The method of changing oil slick into particles has been improved,and results show that the two methods are not much different in calculating the oil spill area,but the method improves the calculation of the slickness of oil film calculation according to the actual instance.

关 键 词：油粒子 溢油 油膜粒子化 两阶段法 紊动扩散 

分 类 号：X820[环境科学与工程—环境工程]