湛江某对虾基地沉积物重金属含量特征及评价  

Characteristics of Heavy Metal Contents in Sediments of a Prawn Farming Area in Zhanjiang City

作　　者：黄雪夏[1] 姚泊[1] 邓红梅[1] 崔明超[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2011年第4期184-189,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40901250;40803026);广东省自然科学基金(8451009101001023);广州大学创新团队基金(1001-1019);广州大学新苗计划(1002-hxx1);广州市教育局科技计划项目(08C079)

摘　　要：探讨了湛江某对虾养殖基地虾场沉积物中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr的含量特征,并采用单因子、内梅罗综合污染指数以及H覽kanson潜在生态风险指数等方法评估了几种重金属的环境风险,分析了其主要来源。结果表明,虾场沉积物Cu含量在11.5～38.5mg/kg之间;Zn含量在87.6～176.4 mg/kg之间;Pb含量在45.7～85.4 mg/kg之间;Cd含量在0.108～0.185 mg/kg之间;Cr含量在37.5～93.7mg/kg之间。通过计算重金属元素的单项污染指数和综合污染指数,表明虾池沉积物属于清洁土壤,符合绿色食品产地规定的土壤质量环境要求。采用H覽kanson指数法进行了潜在生态危害评价,发现各样点沉积物呈现出轻微至中等的生态风险,参与评价的5种重金属生态风险由强到弱的顺序依次为Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr。虾池沉积物中重金属Cu、Zn含量间存在显著正相关,这可能与该地区虾池投放的饲料和消毒剂含Zn、Cu有关。A prawn（Penaeus vannamei） farm conducted an investigation on heavy metals enriched in its sediments,based on which an environmental risk assessment was made using methods such as Nemerow composite index,Hkanson potential eco-risk index,and single factor evaluations.Concentrations in the sediment of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd and Cr were given;assessment according to the single factor and Memerow composite index evaluations showed the sediments in the prawn farming area met the relevant national standard in terms of heavy metal contamination,yet assessment by Hkanson potential eco-risk index indicated the potential eco-risks,from slight to medium,existed.As to the potential risk,it revealed a descending order as CdPbCuZnCr.It inferred from the correlation existed between content of Cu and that of Zn in the sediment that Cu and Zn come from applying of artificial diet and disinfector.

关 键 词：对虾养殖基地 沉积物 重金属 风险评价 

分 类 号：X820[环境科学与工程—环境工程]