北京西城德胜社区慢性非传染性疾病的社区诊断及其分析  

Community Diagnosis for Chronic Diseases of Desheng Community in Beijing

作　　者：刘向红[1] 韩琤琤[1] 刘娟[2] 周爱生 赵建功 崔树起[2] 刘菊红[1] 冯亿[1] 何志红[1] 李秀兰[1] 米兰[1] 朱莎[1] 高凤娟[1] 张鸣[1] 路琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区德胜社区卫生服务中心,100120 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生与家庭医学学院 [3]北京市西城区社区卫生服务管理中心

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2011年第10期1076-1079,共4页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的为了摸清北京德胜社区慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)的基本流行状况、疾病负担及相关的行为影响因素,了解社区居民对社区慢性病防治的实际服务需求,评价社区卫生服务中心(站)相应的服务供给水平及前期的防治成果,确定优先解决的管理问题,为制订下一阶段社区慢性病综合防治规划提供依据。方法采用现况研究、小组访谈,对社区15岁以上的居民整群随机抽样进行问卷调查。结果抽取到15个居委会共计5 726人进行调查,获得了德胜社区社会人口学诊断、流行病学诊断、行为与环境诊断、社区卫生服务可及性与居民需求诊断。德胜社区居民前四位的死因顺位依次为恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病,相关危险因素流行率依次为缺少运动、超重、口味偏咸等。提示我们今后应继续以高血压、糖尿病的预防干预和综合性系统管理为主,同时必须强化肺癌、肝癌等肿瘤的预防和早期筛检工作。结论德胜社区的社区卫生服务发展态势良好,长期坚持的慢性病管理已取得一定成效;主要慢性病的死亡率和疾病负担(潜在减寿年数,PYLL)已低于或明显低于全国和北京市的一般水平。Objective To find out the prevalence situation,disease burden and related behavior factors of non-infectious chronic diseases（NCD） in the Desheng community in Beijing;to understand the health demands of community inhabitants for treatment and prevention of NCD;to evaluate the service and its outcome of prevention and treatment provided by the community health service center（stations） for chronic diseases;to set priorities for the next action,and develop a new plan of next stage for the comprehensive community prevention and management of NCD.Methods Group interviews,cross-sectional study,questionnaire survey was conducted in the residents over 15 years old with multiplestage cluster random sampling method.Results 5 726 residents were selected from 15 committees for survey.Its had been gotten that community diagnosis on social-demographic,epidemiology,behavior factors and Environment,accessibility of the community health service and the health care demands.The four leading causes of death were malign tumors,cerebrovascular diseases,cardiovascular disease,respiratory diseases.The leading risk factors are lack of physical activity,overweight,over salt intake and so on.It indicate the importance of continuing preventive intervention and community comprehensive management for hypertension and diabetes.In addition,it should been strengthened to prevent and screen cancers early in the community.Conclusion The health services has been developed well in the Desheng Community.It has achieved good effectiveness in management of NCD.The mortality and PYLL is significantly lower than the average level in Beijing or China.

关 键 词：社区诊断 问卷调查 慢性病 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]