哮喘儿童心理行为问题特征及应对方式研究  

Features of Psychological Behavioral Problems in Asthmatic Children and Their Copping Styles

作　　者：王倩[1] 张际[1] 梅其霞[1] 黄英[1] 袁小平[1] 蒋永蕙[1] 胡平[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院,重庆市400014

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2011年第10期1134-1137,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2007BAI24B05);重庆市卫生局资助项目(2008-2-133)

摘　　要：目的调查哮喘儿童心理和行为特点,为临床心理行为干预治疗提供参考依据。方法采用Achen-bach儿童行为评定量表（Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL）和慢性病儿童应对方式量表（Cop ingW ith a D is-ease,COD I）对143例在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院哮喘中心确诊并系统管理的8~16岁哮喘儿童行为问题和应对方式进行测试,同时采用一般情况调查表对其社会心理行为因素进行了调查。结果哮喘儿童行为异常率为33.57%,显著高于全国常模（12.97%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。主要表现为社交退缩倾向、社交能力降低、人际交往不良、强迫性、焦虑、过分依赖等。患儿年龄、家庭结构、教养方式不同,其行为问题和应对方式也不完全相同。结论哮喘儿童在社会交往能力方面存在缺陷,应对方式不成熟,行为问题发生率较高。医护人员应有针对性地进行心理疏导和治疗,以预防和矫治不良行为,提高心理应对能力,培养良好性格,促进哮喘儿童身心健康发展。Objective To investigate the psychological behavioral features of school children with asthma in order to provide reference for clinical mental intervention.Methods Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist（CBCL） and Coping with a Disease（CODI） were used to investigate the behavior problems and coping styles of 143 children with asthma aged 8-16,and Self-compiled Questionnaire was taken fro investigation of their psycho-social factors.Results The rate of abnormal behavior was significantly higher in asthmatic children（33.57 %） than that in healthy children（12.97%）（P0.01）.Behavioral problems mainly manifested as social withdrawal tendencies,decreased social acceptability,poor interpersonal communication,compulsivity,anxiety,over-dependence,and so on.Behavioral problems and coping styles were different in asthmatic children of different ages,family structures,and education methods.Conclusion Bronchial asthma is a psychosomatic disease,and asthmatic children have some deficiencies in social interaction capacity,the higher incidence of behavioral problems,and immature coping styles.The medical professionals should give them customized psychological counseling and treatment for caregivers in order to prevent and correct bad behaviors,improve mental coping capability,cultivate good character,and promote physical and mental development in children with asthma.

关 键 词：哮喘儿童 心理行为问题 应对方式 

分 类 号：R425.6[医药卫生—临床医学]