不同水力负荷下凤眼莲对富营养化水体氮磷去除的表观贡献  

Apparent removal contributions of Eichhornia crassipes to nitrogen and phosphorous from eutrophic water under different hydraulic loadings

作　　者：张志勇[1] 郑建初[1] 刘海琴[1] 陈留根[1] 严少华[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2011年第2期288-294,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAC63B01);云南省社会发展科技计划(2009CA034)

摘　　要：采用人工模拟方法,研究比较了不同水力负荷条件下凤眼莲（E ichhornia crassipes）对富营养化水体氮、磷的吸收能力和去除作用。结果表明,当水力负荷为0.14~1.00 m3/（m2·d）,进水总氮、总磷平均浓度分别为4.85 mg/L和0.50 mg/L时,凤眼莲的生物量累积增加31.56~42.89 kg/m2,平均生物量增长率为0.27~0.38kg/（m2·d）;凤眼莲组织中氮含量遵循地上部〉地下部的规律,而磷含量则表现为地上部〈地下部;整株的氮、磷平均含量分别在18.87~28.17 mg/g和4.20~6.69 mg/g。凤眼莲对氮、磷的吸收总量随水力负荷的提高而增加,分别为29.65~57.82 g/m2和6.53~13.51 g/m2。在低水力负荷[0.14~0.33 m3/（m2·d）]下,凤眼莲吸收对水体氮、磷去除起主要作用,表观贡献率分别为42.33%~46.44%和68.10%~95.26%;当水力负荷提高至1.00m3/（m2·d）时,凤眼莲吸收对水体氮、磷去除的表观贡献率分别降至34.29%和50.03%,但仍起到重要作用。The nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and removal abilities of Eichhornia crassipes from eutrophic water under different hydraulic loadings,were comparatively studied by simulation experiments.The results showed that when hydraulic loading was 0.14-1.00 m3/（m2·d）,total nitrogen content of initial water was 4.85 mg/L and total phosphorous content was 0.50 mg/L,the total biomass of Eichhornia crassipes was increased by 31.56-42.89 kg/m2,and the growth rate was 0.27-0.38 kg/（m2·d）.The nitrogen and phosphorous distributions in Eichhornia crassipes tissues were shown as abovegroundbelowground and abovegroundbelowground,respectively.The nitrogen and phosphorous contents of Eichhornia crassipes were 18.87-28.17 mg/g and 4.20-6.69 mg/g,respectively.Along with the increase of hydraulic loading,the total uptakes of nitrogen and phosphorus by Eichhornia crassipes increased,ranging from 29.65 g/m2 to 57.82 g/m2 and from 6.53 g/m2 to 13.51 g/m2,respectively.Under low hydraulic loading [0.14-0.33 m3/（m2·d）] conditions,the Eichhornia crassipes played a major role in nitrogen and phosphorus removal from eutrophic water,the apparent contribution rate of nitrogen being 42.33%-46.44% and that of phosphorous being 68.10%-95.26%.When the hydraulic loading was 1.00 m3/（m2·d）,the apparent contribution rates of nitrogen and phosphorous decreased to 34.29% and 50.03%,respectively.It indicated that Eichhornia crassipes uptake was an important pathway for nitrogen and phosphorous removal from eutrophic water.

关 键 词：凤眼莲 富营养化水体 水力负荷 氮磷吸收 去除贡献 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]