绝缘子电场有限元分析法的影响因素及其优化  

Influencing Factors of Insulator Electric Field Analysis by Finite Element Method and Its Optimization

作　　者：徐志钮[1] 律方成[1] 李和明[1] 刘云鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学河北省输变电设备安全防御重点实验室,保定071003

出　　处：《高电压技术》2011年第4期944-951,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2009CB724508);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(09ZG06);教育部霍英东教育基金基础性研究课题(121058)~~

摘　　要：某些因素对基于有限元法的电场分析结果有重要影响,为了提高基于有限元法的绝缘子电场分析的准确性,以表面洁净、染污、覆冰和有分离水珠的110 kV瓷支柱绝缘子为研究对象,在ANSYS中分别建立它们的模型,研究了电场分析类型、远场单元及面积、基于轴对称的简化建模方式对有限元法算得的绝缘子电场分布的影响。结果表明:洁净、表面有干污层情况下选择静电场或电准静态场分析时算得电场分布没有差别,但表面有湿污层、湿污层和干燥带、分离水珠或干/湿冰层情况下二者算得电场分布的差别较大;湿污层电阻率越小则差距越大,介电常数对二者差距影响不大;绝缘子有湿污层、湿污层和干燥带、分离水珠、干/湿冰层时应该采用电准静态场分析;建模时远场单元应该使用,否则得到的结果误差很大,相比之下远场区域面积对电场分析结果的影响要小很多;轴对称的三维体可用其轴截面的一半的以轴对称方式建模,用轴截面直接建模误差很大。In order to improve the accuracy of insulator electric filed analysis, taking various kinds of insulators, such as clean 110 kV porcelain post insulators and insulators with pollution layer, ice layer, and separated globules, as research objects, we analyzed the influences of the type of analyzing electric field, far field element and its area, and axisymmetric simplified analysis mode on results of analyzing the electric field of insulator. The results indicate that： the clean insulator or insulator with dry pollution layer can select electrostatic field or electric quasi static field as analysis type for its little influence on electric filed analysis result. However, when the insulator with humid pol- lution layer, dry band and humid pollution layer, separated globules or dry/humid ice layer is adopted, the differ ence in electric field analysis between electrostatic field and electric quasi static field is remarkable, so electric quasi static field should be selected. The larger conductivity of humid pollution layer, the larger influence on the difference between them, whereas, the dielectric constant of humid pollution layer has little influence on the difference between them. The far field element should be used, otherwise obvious error will appear in the electric field analysis results. The far field area has fewer influences on results of analyzing electric field, and the three-dimension axisymmetric insulator can be modeled by the half of axis cross-section with axisymmetric mode, and if the model is built directly by the whole axis cross-section, obvious error will appear in the results.

关 键 词：绝缘子 电场 有限元法 静电场 电准静态场 远场 轴对称 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TM152[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]