深圳马峦山及其邻近山地苏铁蕨群落特征分析  

Analysis on community characteristics of Brainea insignis in Maluanshan and its adjacent mountains of Shenzhen

作　　者：徐晓晖[1] 王小清[2] 孙延军[1] 赖燕玲[1] 昝启杰[1] 廖文波[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市城市管理局,广东深圳518049 [2]中山大学生命科学学院有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室,广东广州510275

出　　处：《植物资源与环境学报》2010年第4期63-69,共7页Journal of Plant Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家理科基地人才资金项目(J0730638);深圳市城市管理局科研基金资助项目(2007-2008年度)

摘　　要：对深圳马峦山郊野公园、田头山自然保护区和排牙山自然保护区中苏铁蕨〔Brainea insignis (Hook.) J. Sm.〕群落的组成、种群垂直结构和年龄结构进行了调查分析,并对3个群落物种的频度、多样性和均匀度进行了比较。根据群落中优势种的重要值与乔、灌木的分层,马峦山郊野公园、田头山自然保护区和排牙山自然保护区的苏铁蕨群落可分别命名为鸭脚木-豺皮樟-苏铁蕨群落、山乌桕-毛棉杜鹃-苏铁蕨群落和红鳞蒲桃+鸭脚木-豺皮樟-苏铁蕨群落。3个群落中,中低层(高度小于10 m)的个体数均占群落个体总数的90%以上,随高度增加个体数量急剧减少。以胸径反映优势种群的年龄结构,除苏铁蕨种群外,3个群落的优势种群大都含有一定比例的Ⅰ级(DBH<2.5 cm)幼树、Ⅱ级(2.5 cm≤DBH<7.5 cm)小树和Ⅲ级(7.5 cm≤DBH<22.5 cm)壮树,而Ⅳ级(DBH≥22.5 cm)大树较少,显示3个群落具有不断更新的趋势。马峦山郊野公园、田头山自然保护区和排牙山自然保护区苏铁蕨群落中频度级(FR)为A级(0%≤FR<20%)的种类均占绝对优势,比例分别为57.50%、63.16%和61.70%,E级(80%≤FR≤100%)种类所占比例均较小,但马峦山郊野公园苏铁蕨群落E级种类比例大于D级(60%≤FR<80%)种类,符合Raunkiaer群落频度分布定律。3个群落中,田头山自然保护区苏铁蕨群落的Simpson和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数均最高,马峦山郊野公园苏铁蕨群落均最低。研究结果表明,3个苏铁蕨群落都处于演替中期,尚未达到顶极、亚顶极状态。The composition,population vertical structure and population age structure of three communities of Brainea insignis（Hook.） J.Sm.in Maluanshan Country Park,Tiantou Mountain Nature Reserve and Paiyashan Mountain Nature Reserve in Shenzhen were investigated and analyzed,and frequency,diversity and evenness of species in three communities were compared.According to important value of dominant species and layer of arbor and shrub,B.insignis community in three regions above mentioned are named on Comm.Schefflera octophylla-Litsea rotundifolia var.oblongifolia-B.insignis,Comm.Sapium discolor-Rhododendron moulmainense-B.insignis and Comm.Syzygium hancei＋S.octophylla-L.rotundifolia var.oblongifolia-B.insignis,respectively.Among the three communities,individual number in middle-low layer（height less than 10 m） is more than 90% of total individual number of communities,and with increasing of height,individual number decreases sharply.Taking DBH to reflect age structure of dominant population,except B.insignis population,dominant populations of three communities almost have a certain proportion of Ⅰ class（DBH2.5 cm） saplings,Ⅱ class（2.5 cm≤DBH7.5 cm） arborets and Ⅲ class（7.5 cm≤DBH22.5 cm） adult trees,and a small proportion of Ⅳ class（DBH≥22.5 cm） big trees,showing that three communities have a trend of constant renewing.Species with frequency rank（FR） A（0%≤FR20%） take an dominating advantage in the three communities above mentioned with a percentage of 57.50%,63.16% and 61.70%,respectively,but species with frequency rank E（80%≤FR≤100%） take a lower percentage.While the percentage of frequency rank E species is higher than that of frequency rank D（60%≤FR80%） species in B.insignis community in Maluanshan Country Park,it is accorded with Raunkiaer＇s law.Simpson＇s and Shannon-Wiener＇s diversity indexes and evenness index are all the highest in B.insignis community of Tiantou Mountain Nature Reserve in the three communities,while those are the lowest in Maluan

关 键 词：苏铁蕨群落 深圳马峦山 频度级 多样性指数 均匀度指数 重要值 

分 类 号：Q948.157[生物学—植物学]