我国优秀男子铅球运动员“两差”效应的三维运动学研究  

The Three-dimensional Kinematic Mechanism Research of "Two math." Efficiency of China's Excellent Men's Shot Put Athletes

作　　者：李建臣[1] 颜桂平[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院,北京100088 [2]北京城市学院体育教研窒,北京100083

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2011年第4期127-131,共5页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目(10ATY004);教育部、财政部国家级教学团队立项课题(GJJT09-11)

摘　　要：通过三维运动学研究方法,对我国优秀铅球运动员在比赛现场进行实际图像采集,并将得到的影片在运动解析系统上进行量化分析,得出优秀铅球运动员专项技术指标与参数,从系统论中相互联系、相互影响的观点研究分析前俯差与出手差即"两差"效应的运动学意义及其对整体技术的影响。结果表明:合理加大"两差"有利于增加铅球的用力距离,铅球高度、右髋角、右膝角是影响前俯差的重要指标,而前俯差值是影响滑步阶段铅球运行距离与身体重心运行距离的重要因素;滑步阶段中我国男子运动员身体重心速度与铅球速度差值偏大;出手差与出手速度呈显著正相关关系,与出手角度呈微弱负相关关系,与出手高度呈显著负相关关系,与比赛成绩呈显著正相关关系。By using three-dimensional kinematic method,this paper collected the real images of our best shot put athletes in the competition.Then all the available films to the researchers were analyzed quantitatively by the motion analysis system.Obtaining the special technical indicators and parameters of excellent shot,this paper tried to analyze the kinematic meanings of front elevation math.and release math.,as well as their affective meanings to the overall technology.The results showed that a reasonable increase of front elevation math.And release math.could increase the force shot distance.Shot height,right hip angle and right knee angle were important factors which influence front elevation math.while front elevation math.affected the running distance of shot as well as the distance of the body center gravity in sliding stage.In China＇s men＇s shot athletes in sliding stage,the difference between velocity of body gravity and shot speed was relatively large release math.and to the difference,the release speed is a significant positive correlation,a negative correlation with shot speed,a significant negative correlation with shot high,while a significantly positive correlation with the competition results.

关 键 词：男子铅球 前俯差 出手差 三维运动学 

分 类 号：G824.119[文化科学—体育训练]