三种化学物质诱导观赏百合对黑斑病抗性的研究  

Resistance of ornamental lily against Alternaria alternata induced by three chemicals

作　　者：梁巧兰[1] 魏列新[1] 徐秉良[1] 师桂英[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《植物保护》2011年第2期36-40,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：甘肃省农牧厅生物技术专项(GNSW-2009-04;GNSW-2005-14);甘肃省教育厅项目(0702B-01);兰州市科委项目(03-1-39)

摘　　要：[目的]确定水杨酸、纳米硅、草酸铵等3种化学物质对观赏百合黑斑病抗病性的诱导效果,为百合生长期病害的防治提供理论依据。[方法]测定3种化学物质对观赏百合黑斑病菌的抑菌活性和诱导寄主抗性效果。[结果]3种化学物质对观赏百合黑斑病菌抑菌率较低,最高仅为5.43%,但处理百合叶片后,诱导百合产生较高抗病性。在100、50μg/mL和25μg/mL浓度下,纳米硅的诱导抗病效果最好,分别为55.55%、60.69%、48.57%。水杨酸诱导处理可使观赏百合叶片β-1,3-葡聚糖酶在第1天达到峰值,纳米硅可以使过氧化物酶在第5天达到峰值,草酸铵可以使苯丙氨酸解氨酶在第5天达到峰值,分别为对照的3.95倍、2.10倍和1.15倍;先诱导处理再接种黑斑病菌1 d后叶片组织内-β1,3-葡聚糖酶、过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性均明显高于对照;水杨酸、纳米硅和草酸铵处理7 d后田间诱导防病效果分别为35.38%、43.55%和31.07%;处理14 d后,与第7天相比诱导防病效果明显降低。[结论]水杨酸、纳米硅和草酸铵3种化学物质对百合均有一定诱导抗病作用,其中纳米硅酸的诱导抗病效果最好,可达到48%以上。[Objective]The induced resistance effect of salicylic acid （SA）, nanometer silicon and ammonium oxalate for lily to Alternaria alternata were evaluated so as to provide the basis for control of lily diseases.[Method]The inhibitory bioactivity and the induced resistance of ornamental lily to A. alternata elicited by three chemicals were tested. [Result] The inhibitory effects of salicylic acid （SA）, nanometer silicon and ammonium oxalate to A. alternata were very weak, and the rates of inhibition were less than 5.43%. When treated at the concentration 100 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL of nanometer silicon, the induced resistance to lily leaves reached 55.55%, 60.69% and 48.57%, respectively. The enzyme activity of β1,3glucosan reached the maximum in one day when lily leaves were treated by SA, while the enzyme activity of POD induced by nanometer silicon and PAL induced by ammonium oxalate reached the maximum in five days, which were 3.95, 2.10 and 1.15 times as those of control, respectively. The enzyme activity of β1,3glucosan,POD and PAL enzyme of lily leaves were higher than that of the control when lily leaves were treated with 50 μg/mL of the three chemicals and then inoculated with A. alternata. The induced resistance to lily leaves elicited by the three chemicals after seven days reached 35.38%, 43.55% and 31.07%, respectively. After fourteen days,the induced resistance to lily leaves was decreased significantly, compared with that elicited by the three chemicals after seven days. [Conclusion] Salicylic acid （SA）, nanometer silicon and ammonium oxalate had induced resistance effects to lily to some extent, among which, nanometer silicon had the best effect of over 48%.

关 键 词：化学物质 观赏百合 黑斑病 诱导抗性 

分 类 号：S432.23[农业科学—植物病理学] S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]