苋属4种外来有害杂草在中国的适生区预测  

Prediction of potential distribution of four alien invasive Amaranthus weeds in China

作　　者：郑卉[1] 何兴金[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064

出　　处：《植物保护》2011年第2期81-86,102,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：科技部科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2007FY110100);中国科学院大科学装置开放研究项目(2009-LSF-GBOWS-01)

摘　　要：[目的]明确反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus)、凹头苋(A.lividus)、刺苋(A.spinosus)、皱果苋(A.viridis)4种有害杂草在中国的适生区,为有效制定检疫措施和防治决策提供依据。[方法]基于4种苋属杂草已有的分布点数据,使用GARP和Maxent两个生态位模型对其在中国的适生区进行预测。[结果]对4种苋属植物适生区影响最大的环境因子主要为雨日频率、海拔、极端低温、水汽压、坡度。模型评价表明,Maxent和GARP两模型对4种杂草的分布均能较好地进行预测,Maxent的结果稍好于GARP。以Maxent为主,GARP作参考,得出苋属4个种在中国的适生区主要集中在华东地区、华北的部分地区、西北和东北的少数地区、除西藏和四川西部以外的西南地区以及中南的大部分地区。[结论]建议相关部门对4种杂草适生区域及其周边做好相应的预警和治理工作。[Objective] Potential distribution of Amaranthus retroflexus, A. lividus, A. spinosus and A. viridis in China were evaluated to provide the basis for working out the quarantine and control measures. [Method] Two ecological niche models, GARP and Maxent, were used to predict the four Amaranthus weeds’ potential distribution areas in China. [Result] It showed that wet days, elevation, minimum temperature, water vapour pressure and slope are key environmental factors affecting their distribution. The model evaluation showed that both models made good prediction results, and Maxent performed better. Based on both models, we predicted that the suitable distribution areas of these Amaranthus spp. were eastern China, part of northern China, small parts of northwestern and northeastern China,southwestern China except Tibet and west of Sichuan Province, and most area of southern China. [Conclusion] It is suggested that prediction and control measures for the suitable distribution areas of these Amaranthus spp. should be taken.

关 键 词：苋属植物 生态位模型 GARP MAXENT 分布预测 

分 类 号：S41-30[农业科学—植物保护]