五氟磺草胺和氰氟草酯复配剂对水稻直播田杂草的防除效果及安全性评价  

Weed control effects and crop safety of penoxsulam and cyhalofop-butyl mixture in direct seeding paddy fields

作　　者：张宏军[1] 崔海兰[2] 朱文达[3] 魏守辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农药检定所,北京100125 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [3]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《植物保护》2011年第2期177-181,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD08A09);国家科技重大专项(2008ZX08011-001);中国产业发展促进会科技课题(CAPID06-01)

摘　　要：采用田间试验方法研究了五氟磺草胺和氰氟草酯复配剂（五氟磺草胺·氰氟草酯）对水稻直播田杂草的控制效果和应用安全性。结果表明，五氟磺草胺·氰氟草酯对直播稻田的禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草和莎草均具有较好的防除效果，有效成分用量90～180g／hm^2的综合防效可达95％以上，显著优于对照药剂氰氟草酯，与五氟磺草胺、五氟磺草胺＋氰氟草酯、丙草胺＋苄嘧磺隆的防效相当。五氟磺草胺·氰氟草酯显著降低了稗、鸭舌草种群对田间N、P、K养分的吸收，保持了土壤肥力。五氟磺草胺·氰氟草酯有效成分用量90～120g／hm^2苗后茎叶处理对水稻安全，对后茬小麦、油莱、甘篮、葱、大蒜等作物无不良影响。To provide guidance for chemical weed management in direct seeding paddy fields, experiments were conducted to evaluate the weed control effects and crop safety of penoxsulam and cyhalofop-butyl mixture （Top- Shot）. The results showed that penoxsulam and cyhalofopbutyl mixture had good control effects on grass weeds, broad-leaf weeds and sedge weeds in direct seeding paddy fields. The overall effect was over 95% at 90--180 g a. i./hm^2 , significantly higher than cyhalofop-butyh and equivalent to that of penoxsulam, penoxsulam＋cyhalofopbutyl, and pretilachlor＋bensulfuron- methyl. The application of penoxsulam and cyhalofopbutyl mixture significantly reduced the absorption of N, P, and K in Echinochloa crus-galli and Monochoria vaginalis populations and therefore conserved the soil fertility. Penoxsulam and cyhalofopbutyl mixture had good safety to paddy rice after post-emergence application at 90-120 g a. i./hm^2 and resulted in no damages to succeeding crops such as wheat, rape, cabbage, green onion and garlic.

关 键 词：五氟磺草胺 氰氟草酯 水稻 杂草防除 作物安全性 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]