甘薯矿质元素吸收与分配特性研究  

Mineral elements absorption and distribution of sweetpotato

作　　者：柳洪鹃[1] 张立明[2] 史春余[1] 李作梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省农业科学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2011年第2期71-75,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(Y2007D14);国家甘薯产业技术体系北方薯区栽培岗位科学家资助

摘　　要：在大田条件下,研究了甘薯品种北京553不同时期不同器官干物质的积累与分配规律,并分析其中各矿质元素含量的变化情况。结果表明,甘薯干物质前期积累少,中后期快速积累,并逐渐由地上部转移至块根中。各矿质元素在甘薯不同器官的积累量随植株生长而增加,但分配率不同,前期各元素集中于地上部,中后期逐渐转移至块根中。甘薯一生吸收最多的元素是氮、钾和钙,其中氮和钙主要在前中期积累且分布在地上部,钾则主要在中后期积累且分布于块根。微量元素中,甘薯对铁的需求较大,主要时期是生长中期并多分布于地上部。单位产量的需肥规律与矿质元素的吸收规律一致,可以根据需肥规律来指导生产,合理施肥。The objective of this study was to determine the accumulation and distribution of dry matter in different oranges of sweetpotato named Beijing 553 during different periods in field culture experiment,meanwhile the content of mineral elements was analysed,too.The results showed as follow,dry matter accumulation was small in prophas and got larger with growth,the accumulation center transferred from over ground part to storage root gradually.Accumulation of mineral elements in different oranges was increased with plant growing,but distribution was different.Mineral elements were concentrated in over ground part mainly in early periods of growth,and transferred to storage root later.N,K and Ca absorption was remarkable in growth of sweetpotato.The main accumulation periods of N and Ca which were concentrated in over ground part mainly were prometaphase while that of K were intermediate and final growth periods which were concentrated in storage root mainly.Fe was absorbed mostly in microelements,the main periods were the former and metaphase and main distributing part was over ground part.The pattern of fertilizer requirement in unit yield was correspondent to that of mineral elements absorption,which could be used to guide production,make fertilizer rational and reduce waste of fertilizer and environmental pollution.

关 键 词：甘薯 矿质元素 吸收 分配 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]