西鄂尔多斯八种沙生植物的花粉形态与地史演化意义  

POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF EIGHT MAJOR SAND PLANTS AND THEIR HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE IN WEST ORDOS,INNER MONGOLIA,CHINA

作　　者：智颖飙[1,2] 李静敏[2] 王再岚[3] 韩雪[2] 张荷亮[1] 宿志安[4] 余永和[4] 贾秀婷[4] 白志强 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学鄂尔多斯学院,鄂尔多斯017000 [2]安徽大学生命科学学院,合肥230039 [3]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872 [4]内蒙古磴口县农业技术推广中心,磴口015200 [5]内蒙古种星种业有限公司,呼和浩特010026

出　　处：《微体古生物学报》2010年第4期315-322,共8页Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：中国博士后基金(20060400551);江苏省博士后基金(0501003B);安徽大学人才引进基金(06124)共同资助项目~~

摘　　要：西鄂尔多斯是我国西北干旱区特有植物和沙生植物集中分布区之一,该地区植物区系表现为古地中海旱生植物后裔的古老性。应用光学显微镜对西鄂尔多斯地区四科八个种的沙生植物柽柳(TamarixchinensisLour)、猫头刺(Oxytropis aciphyllaLedeb)、四合木(Tetraena mongolicaMaxi m.)、沙竹[Psammochloa villosa(Trin.)Bor]、白刺(NitrariatangutorumBobr)、白山蓟[Olgaea leucophylla(Turcz.)Iljin]、顶羽菊[Acroptilon repens(L.)DC.]、砂蓝刺头(Echinops gmeliniTurcz.)的花粉形态进行了观察和研究,结果表明:花粉形态差异较大,孔沟有单孔,三孔沟,三沟等不同类型。外壁纹饰主要是细网状纹饰和刺状纹饰。花粉形态相对于植物其它性状在演变过程中较为保守,与植物早期生长环境息息相关。这八种沙生植物对极其干旱的沙生环境都有很好的生态适应性和生境适宜性,是西鄂尔多斯地区古环境与其长期协同进化和长期适应的结果。这对重新认识西鄂尔多斯地区古气候环境的演化和荒漠地区地史变迁与沙地植被恢复和重建具有一定理论指导意义。Western Arid Region of Northwest China——Ordos has endemic plants and desert plants.The flora performs,the descendants of ancient Mediterranean plant and drought resistance.8 genus,4 families of desert plants were studied under optical microscope.They are Tamarix chinensis Lour,Oxytropis aciphylla Ledeb,Tetraena mongolica Maxim.,Psammochloa villosa（Trin.）Bor,Nitraria tangutorum Bobr,Olgaea leucophylla（Turcz.）Iljin,Acroptilon repens（L.）DC.,Echinops gmelini Turcz.The result shows a variety of pollen morphologies,such as apertures with single-pore,three-colporate,and three-ditch.Exine sculpture is mainly fine reticulate and spiny ornamentation.Compared with other traits of plants,pollen morphology is more conservative in evolution and is closely related to the environment of their early growth.The analysis of pollen morphology is helpful to reconstruct ancient climate and environment conditions in west Ordos.

关 键 词：沙生植物 花粉 地史 共同进化 西鄂尔多斯 内蒙古 

分 类 号：Q914[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]