约翰·L.加迪斯与冷战“修正派”的论战  

The Debate Between John Lewis Gaddis and the Revisionists of Cold War History

作　　者：曲升[1] 

机构地区：[1]渤海大学政治与历史学院,辽宁锦州121013

出　　处：《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第2期69-76,共8页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：辽宁省社科基金项目"美国外交史学中的威斯康星学派研究"(编号:L09DSS003)的阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：约翰.L.加迪斯与冷战修正派之间的论战涉及方法论和核心观点两个方面。在前一个方面,加迪斯指责修正派的"门户开放"范式和"合作主义"范式犯了"经济决定论"和"简约主义"的错误,是不合格的综合范式。在后一方面,加迪斯表达了与修正派的美国要为冷战形成负主要责任的相反观点,批评了威廉.A.威廉斯的"悲剧观",逐步向正统观点复归。在这种批评的基础上,加迪斯提出了"冷战史新研究"的议程,对此,修正派的劳埃德.加德纳进行了批评。加迪斯与修正派间的学术论争反映了美国冷战史学中现实主义和进步主义两大范式间的分野,背后隐藏的是权力和意识形态之争。加迪斯对修正派的批判具有重要的方法论意义,但其确立自己话语霸权的态度和保守主义立场是不可取的。The debate between John Lewis Gaddis and the revisionists of Cold War History is an important part of the former＇s academic career.Gaddis＇ criticism of the revisionists involve methodology and core viewpoint.Methodologically,Gaddis condemns the ＂open door thesis＂ and the ＂corporatist synthesis＂ put forward by revisionists for their economic determinism and reductionism.Gaddis advanced an argument about the responsibility for the Cold War,which was absolutely opposite to revisionists＇.After the work of criticism,Gaddis projected a scheme on ＂the New Cold War History＂,on which the revisionist Lloyd C.Gardner launched a sharp comment.This debate suggests the bifurcation of Realist paradigm and Progressive paradigm in American diplomatic history.Behind the debate,there were struggles for power and ideological disputes.Gaddis＇ criticism has positive methodological influence for American diplomatic history,meanwhile his conservatism and attempt to establish his own discourse hegemony are inadvisable.

关 键 词：约翰.L.加迪斯 修正派 威廉.A.威廉斯 劳埃德.C.加德纳 冷战史新研究 

分 类 号：K712.54[历史地理—历史学]