给水塑料管材对水质安全性影响的研究进展  

Research progress of the impacts of plastic wa ter supply piping to water safety

作　　者：张蕾[1,2] 于海业[1,2] 张刚[3] 刘佳 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130022 [2]吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春130022 [3]东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,长春130024

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第2期158-161,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20090169);吉林大学基本科研业务费项目(200903265);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(09QNJJ024)

摘　　要：基于塑料管材目前在饮用水输送、节水灌溉及设施农业等方面应用的普遍性及人们对塑料产品安全性问题的日益关注,针对塑料给水管材对水质安全性影响的研究现状进行比较和分析。目前相关研究以静态试验为主。聚氯乙烯(PVC)管材主要影响输送水质中重金属的质量比,不同种类重金属的迁移规律随时间、水质及环境因素的变化存在差异。而聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)等材料由于很少使用重金属添加剂,主要向水中迁移有机物,包括抗氧化剂2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、烷基噻吩,一些醛类、酮类、萜类、酯类、甲苯及其他芳香族化合物。研究中仍存在环境因素影响考虑较少,重金属种类有限,有机物迁移研究不足,相关研究缺乏系统性等问题。Plastic pipes are increasingly common used in water-saving irrigation, drinking water supply and agricultural infrastructures etc. Water safety issues have attracted increasing attention from the public. Hence, an introduction to the latest research advances of water safety impacted by plastic water supply pipes is provided in this paper. Recent studies have mainly focused on static experiments and water quality impact due to various types of plastic pipes such as polyvinyl chloride （ PVC ）, polyethylene （ PE ）, polypropylene （ PP ）, unplasticized polyvinyl chloride（UPVC） and high density polyethylene （HDPE）were investigated. Contents of heavy metals in water conveyed by PVC pipes were varied and there were different migration patterns of metals due to different exposure time, different water quality and environmental factor like the involvement of UV-radiation. Lead（Pb）as a typical heavy metal has been studied most sys- tematically among its peers. Light intensity was mostly set to 0 in the metal migration experiments because the PVC pipes were usually buried underground. The water quality parameters such as pH, temperature and total dissolved solids（TDS）have effects on the metal migration as well. Migration of lead, tin and other heavy metals under the exposure of UV-radiation have been investigated in some Arabic states, and the results showed that different metal migration laws could be observed if the pipes were exposed to UV radiation. Organic substances like alkyhhiophene, aldehydes, ketones, terpenoids, esters, toluene and other aromatic compounds tend to leach from PE, PP and other plastic material pipes which were manufactured without heavy metal additives. In the recent researches, drinking water sam- ples were tested with respect to the migration of total organic carbon （TOC）, volatile organic components（VOC）and quantitative threshold odour number （TON）concept. In addition, there was a model of chloroethylene migration in PVC pipe. Even though fruitful results h

关 键 词：安全学 水质安全性 给水 塑料管材 重金属 有机物 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]