地下多层交通枢纽多灾种安全的模糊综合评价  

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of multi-disaster safety of underground multi-story traffic hub

作　　者：庄鹏[1] 胡又咏[1] 刘松涛[2] 赵东拂[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑工程学院土木与交通工程学院,北京100044 [2]中国建筑科学研究院建筑防火研究所,北京100013

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第2期232-237,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)专题课题(2C07AA11ZL25);北京市教委科研专项;地下空间公共安全科技创新平台项目(2009年);北京市教委面上项目(KM200910016006);中国建筑科学研究院自筹资金课题(20080111330730002);北京建筑工程学院博士科研启动基金项目(100801701)

摘　　要：为了保证城市地下交通枢纽中人员财产的安全,有必要对其进行风险评价。在多种评价方法中,选择模糊综合评价法来识别地下交通枢纽安全水平。基于模糊综合评价法的原理,构建了地下多层交通枢纽多灾种安全等级的评估模型。进而,针对北京市西直门地下多层交通枢纽的多灾种安全进行了工程实例分析。在评价过程中,建立了适用于地下交通枢纽的火灾、炸弹和生化恐怖袭击、水灾、地震灾害等4种主要灾害的安全评价指标体系,利用层次分析获得了体系中各级评价指标的权重,通过判断矩阵和指标权重得到了指标的隶属度,最终确定了该交通枢纽的灾害风险评价等级,从而验证了模糊综合评价法的有效性和可行性。Underground multi-story traffic hub is one of the main passengers transfer centers in modern cities. Therefore, its safety level of multi-disaster is an important part of urban public safety system. The use of risk assessment technology is necessary to guarantee the safety of people and property in the urban underground traffic hubs. Among the available evaluation methods, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system has been selected to identify the safety level of underground traffic hub both quantitatively and qualitatively. Model to assess the multi-disaster safety level of the underground multi-story traffic hub is established. As a representative case study, the multi-disaster safety of Beijing Xizhimen underground multi-story traffic hub is evaluated. During the risk appraisal, a set of safety evaluation index system, i.e. the multi-level factors of hazard assessment of fire, terrorism attack by biochemical reagent or bombing, flood and earthquake, are developed for the underground multi-story traffic hub. Then, the weight values of each index factor are acquired through the AHP method. The values of membership degree of each index factor are determined by combining the appraisal matrix and the index weight. Finally, rank of multi-disaster safety level for such an underground traffic hub is defined. The present study has verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the developed model for safety assessment. The results show that it is of theoretical and practical significance to use the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for the safety assessment of urban underground traffic hubs.

关 键 词：安全工程 安全评估 多层地下交通枢纽 多灾种 模糊综合评价 

分 类 号：TU248.2[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU921