基于生态足迹的宁夏盐池县生态安全评价  

Assessment of ecological security in Yanchi County of Ningxia

作　　者：马莉娅[1] 吴斌[1,2] 张宇清[1,2] 李萍 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]国家林业局宁夏盐池荒漠生态系统定位研究站,盐池751500 [3]宁夏哈巴湖国家级自然保护区管理局,盐池751500

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2011年第5期57-62,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：863计划课题:"基于多源数据的国家林业生态工程监测与评价网格应用系统(2009AA01A133)";"十一五"国家科技支撑项目"沙区人居环境安全保障与工程防沙技术研究(2006BAD26B03)"资助

摘　　要：以荒漠化过程典型的宁夏盐池县为研究区,运用生态足迹方法评价了该区的生态安全状况。结果表明:10a间盐池县人均生态足迹从1.72hn2增加到3.68hm2,生态承载力从2.02hm2减少到1.74hm2,到2007年人均生态足迹是人均生态承载力的1倍多,生态系统处于强不安全状态。其中耕地足迹、草地足迹和化石能源足迹是构成生态足迹的主要部分。近10a来,由于经济的快速发展、城镇化过程的加快,生态足迹呈快速上升趋势,但由于恶劣的自然环境条件和以存量资源开发为主的经济增长方式,生态赤字逐年增大。研究认为,单纯依靠资源开发发展地方经济,必然导致生态系统的最终崩溃,荒漠化地区的稳定的外部生态公益性投入机制和"小生产,大保护"的高效资源利用模式,是生态安全前提下经济社会可持续发展的保证。Ecological security is an important constraint for regional sustainable development.Base on the theory of ecological footprint,taking Yanchi County as a case,we assessed the ecological security situation in this area.The results indicated that the county＇s present ecological footprint is 3.68hm^2 per capita and the biological capacity is 1.74hm^2 per capita.In the past 10 years,due to the rapid economic growth and the acceleration of urbanization process,there is an obvious increase on ecological footprint.However harsh natural environment and inappropriate resources development approach lead to ecological deficit increased year by year.Study suggests that if we relayed on consuming resources to developing local economics,the ecosystem would ultimate collapse.To ensure sustainable economic and social development,efforts should be made in formulating ecological public welfare policies and taking efficient resources utilization patterns in desertification area.

关 键 词：盐池县 生态安全 生态足迹 生态承载力 生态赤字 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]