2010年1月新疆北部罕见连续性暖区大暴雪特征及成因分析  

The characteristics and causation of infrequence continuous warming torrential storm weather in the Xinjiang Altay area

作　　者：赵俊荣[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆石河子地区气象局,石河子832000 [2]新疆阿勒泰地区气象局,阿勒泰836500

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2011年第5期117-123,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

摘　　要：利用2010年1月新疆北部阿勒泰地区实况资料和T6390场预报资料,分析新疆北部阿勒泰地区罕见连续性暖区大暴雪天气的特征及这次过程形成的原因。结果表明:2010年1月新疆北部阿勒泰地区罕见连续性暖区大暴雪天气具有降雪强度强、降雪范围广、降雪量异常偏多、积雪深度异常偏厚、持续时间长、灾情严重等特点,属60年不遇。阻塞形势建立并长时间维持为连续性大暴雪天气的发生提供了环流背景,西伯利亚冷涡是造成连续性大暴雪的天气尺度影响系统,冷涡外围强锋区中分裂出的中尺度短波和700hPa辐合线、850hPa暖切变、西南急流以及地面气旋是大暴雪的直接影响系统;高低空形势场、急流和锋区以及中尺度的动力、水汽因素的有利配合为连续性大暴雪的发生提供了必要条件。大暴雪发生在高空锋区短波槽前的暖平流区、700hPa辐合线、850hPa暖切变、西南急流、地面气旋暖区、强的能量锋区、高湿区以及水汽通量辐合区的重合区域内。暖区大暴雪发生过程中,阿勒泰地区上空始终维持一个由低层到高层强盛的动力性纬向垂直环流圈,为冷暖气流共同作用提供了持续不断的动力条件;正涡度区的输送,使得阿勒泰地区上空的低值系统和锋区得以维持和加强。高空急流加强了大暴雪天气的上升运动;持续强盛的低空西南急流将里咸海地区的高温高湿不稳定气流源源不断地输送到阿勒泰地区上空,为连续性大暴雪天气提供了热力、水汽和不稳定能量的条件。阿勒泰山脉的特殊地形,使得辐合上升运动和锋区加强,系统移动滞缓,有利于暴雪云团的发展和停滞汇集,使降雪量增幅。We analyzed the characteristics and causation of infrequence continuous warm sector torrential storm weather in the Xinjiang Altay area using the live data of north Xinjiang Altay area in January,2010 and T639 0 field forecast data.The results showed that infrequence continuous warm sector torrential storm weather in the Xinjiang Altay area was provided with heavy,far-ranging,deeply,long-timed and disaster severity,which have not occurred in 60 years.The erecting and lasting of jam-up posture offered circumfluence background for continuous warm sector torrential storm weather,Siberian cold eddy was weather scale influence system of contin-uous warm sector torrential storm,mesoscale shortwave,700hPa concentrative strings,850 hPa warm shear,southwest rush and ground cyclone,were direct influenceing systems;high-low altitude posture field,rush,front sector,mesoscale momentum,water vapor factor favorableness cooperate offered necessary condition for continuous warm sector torrential storm weather.Torrential storm occurred in high altitude front sector in front shortwave groove,700hPa concentrative strings,850 hPa warm shear,southwest rush,ground cyclone,strong energy sector,strong humid sector and vapor concentrative sector.In the course of warm sector torrential storm weather,there was dynamical circumfluence circle which formed from low to high appeared in Altay area,it of-fered continual dynamical condition for cold-warm airflow effection,positive vortex sector transportation made low system and front sector maintain and strengthen.High rush-flow enhanced ascend movement,continuance puissant low altitude southwest rush-flow transportated Salt Sea high temperature and high humid to Altay area offered thermodynamic,vapor and instability energy.The special landform of Altay mountain-chain strengthen concentrative ascend and front sector,system moved sluggish,was propitious to torrential storm cloud develop-ment stagnancy influx made snowfall amplitude.

关 键 词：新疆北部 连续性暖区大暴雪 成因分析 

分 类 号：P426.634[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]