湖南怀化市坡面地质灾害发育特征与人为致灾因子分析  

Analysis on Development Characteristics of Slope Geological Calamity and Artificial Disaster-causing Factors in Huaihua City,Hunan Province

作　　者：刘江龙[1] 柳建新[1] 吴湘滨[1] 申志军[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]湖南省国土资源厅,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《灾害学》2011年第2期39-44,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：湖南省国土资源厅地质灾害调查资助项目"湖南省怀化市地质灾害防治规划"

摘　　要：怀化市地处湘西南,雪峰山贯穿全境,山峦叠嶂、沟谷纵横,地质构造复杂,地质环境脆弱,崩塌、滑坡等坡面地质灾害频繁发生。活动断裂纵横交错是孕育怀化市坡面地质灾害的地质构造基础,强烈风化与疏松地表是其物质来源,降水与径流量丰沛是其动力条件,暴雨、洪水是其诱发因素。人类活动,如水利水电工程建设、矿产资源开发工程、边坡开挖、乱采滥伐森林植被,增加了地质环境的压力,破坏了生态平衡,成为重要的致灾因子。怀化市崩塌、滑坡类型上以白垩系红层中的风化残坡积层中的土质类居多;时间上在过去15年呈波浪状上升态势,以2001年、2004年尤为严重;空间上主要集中沅水及其支流两岸谷坡地带和中低山丘陵区的100～450 m斜坡陡峭段。Huaihua City,located in the southwest of Hunan province,is prone to slope geological calamities as collapse,landslide,etc.due to its complex geological structure and fragile geological environment.The interlaced active fault is geological structure base of inoculation of slope geological calamity in the city,and strong weathering and loose surface are the material source,precipitation and abundant runoff are the dynamic condition and rainstorm and flood are inducing factors.Human activities,such as hydropower engineering construction,exploitation of mineral resources,slope excavation,vegetation deterioration,increase the pressure to geological environment,destroy the ecological balance,and become the important disaster-causing factors.Collapses and landslides in the city are mainly of soil types in weathering residual slide rock in cretaceous red bed,and are presented as an wavy increasing trend in the past 15 years,especially in 2001 and 2004.Spatial distribution of the calamities is concentrated on the valley slopes along the Yuan River and its tributaries and steep slope of low mountain area of 100~450 m.

关 键 词：坡面地质灾害 发育特征 致灾因子 湖南省怀化市 

分 类 号：P642.2[天文地球—工程地质学]