超低出生体重儿脑室周围-脑室内出血的危险因素  被引量:2

Risk factors of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage in extremely low birth weight infants

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作  者:陈幽[1] 刘成[1] 吴志军[1] 卢光进[1] 

机构地区:[1]广东省深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院新生儿科,518133

出  处:《中华围产医学杂志》2011年第4期251-256,共6页Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine

摘  要:目的探讨超低出生体重儿(extremely low birth weight infant,ELBWI)脑室周围脑室内出血(periventricular—intraventricular hemorrhage,PIVH)的危险因素。方法研究对象为2001年1月至2008年8月我院新生儿重症监护病房收治的资料完整的ELBWI41例,其中PIVH23例,无PIVH者18例。采用单因素及Logistic回归分析EI。BWI发生PIVH的围产期高危因素。结果PIVH的发生率为56.1%(23/41)。单因素分析显示,PIVH组胎龄小于无PIVH组[(27.1±1.9)周和(28.7±1.6)周](t=2.834,P〈0.05),入院时平均血压低于无PIVH组[(28.9±4.8)mmHg和(33.1±4.9)mmHg](t=-2.747,P〈0.05),生后1周内最低平均血压值低于无PIVH组[(24.4±4.3)mmHg和(31.4±6.6)mmHg3(t=-3.863,P%0.05),血压波动值和最高PaC02高于无PIVH组[分别为(19.0±5.2)nlmHg和(13.7±4.8)himHg;(60.2±19.4)mmHg和(49.5±12.1)mmHg2(t分别-3.310和2.166,P均〈0.05);应用肺表面活性物质(73.9%,17/23)、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(60.9%,14/23)、休克(52.2%,12/23)、生后4d内低血压(73.9%,17/23)、1周内高血糖(78.3%,18/23)和机械通气治疗(87.0%,20/23)的比例均高于无PIVH组[分别为27.8%(5/18)、27.8%(5/18)、5.5%(1/18)、33.3%(6/18)、44.5%(8,/18)和44.5%(8/18)],差异均有统计学意义(P均〈0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,血压波动值(OR=1.260,95%CI:1.009~1.572,P=0.041)和最低平均血压(OR=0.805,95%CI=0.672~0.965,P=0.019)是PIVH发生的独立危险因素。对接受机械通气治疗的28例ELBWI发生PIVH的危险因素进行Logistic回归分析,结果发现最高吸气峰压(OR=2.086,95%CI=1.140~3.819,P=0.017)是PIVH的独立危险因素。结论低血压和血压波动是ELBWI发生Objective To study the risk factors of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI). Methods A retrospective study was performed in 41 ELBWI hospitalized between January 2001 and August 2008. Univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis were performed to detect the risk factors of PIVH. Results Of 41 ELBWI, twenty-three suffered from PIVH with the incidence of 56.1%. Univariate analysis revealed that,in PIVH group,gestational age, mean blood pressure and the minimum values of blood pressure were lower thannon-PIVH group[-(27.1±1. 9)weeks vs(28.7±1.6) weeks,t=2.834,P〈0.05; (28.9±4.8) mm Hg vs (33.1±4.9) mm Hg,t=--2.747,P〈0. 05; (24.4±4.3) mm Hg vs (31.4±6.6) mm Hg,t=--3. 863,P〈0.05],while blood pressure fluctuation and the highest values of PaCO2 during the first week of life were higher[(19.0±5.2) mm Hg vs (13.7±4.8) mm Hg; (60.2±19.4) mm Hg vs (49.5±12.1) mmHg] (t =3.310 and 2.166, P〈0.05), the incidence of administration of pulmonary surfactant, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, shock, hypotension before 4 days of age, hyperglycemia and mechanical ventilation therapy were higher[-73.9 %(17/23) vs 27.8%(5/18), 60.9%(14/23) vs 27. 8%(5/18) ,52. 2%(12/23) vs 5.5%(1/18),73.9%(17/23) vs33.3%(6/18),78.3%(18/23) vs 44.5%(8/18),87.0%(20/23) vs 44.5%(8/18)]( all P〈0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis revealed that blood pressure fluctuation (OR = 1. 260,95 %CI: 1. 009- 1.572,P=0.041) and lowest mean blood pressure(OR=0.805,95%CI:0.672 0.965,P=0.019) were risk factors of PIVH. Among twenty-eight ELBWI received mechanical ventilation, only peak inspiratorypressure(OR=2.086,95GCI=1.140 3.819,P=0.017) was the risk factor of PIVH by Logistic analysis. Conclusions Low blood pressure and blood pressure fluctuation may be risk factors of PIVH in ELBWI. The high values of peak inspiratory pressure is a risk factor of ELBWI wi

关 键 词:婴儿 超低出生体重 脑室 脑出血 危险因素 

分 类 号:R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]

 

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