北京市生活类废塑料产生特性定量研究  

Quantitative Study on the Generation Characteristics of Domestic Plastics Waste in Beijing

作　　者：宋波[1] 薛玲玲[1] 龙凤[1] 吕晴晴[1] 夏训峰[2] 黄启飞[2] 孙春宝[1] 汪群慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院环境工程系,北京100083 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2011年第2期211-221,共11页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2007BAC16B03)

摘　　要：本文提出一种定量核算城市生活类废塑料产生特性的方法,并对2007年北京市生活类废塑料产生量分别进行了分场所、分形态、分成份的核算.将北京市生活类废塑料按产生场所分为4类(居住场所、公共营业场所、非公共场所、道路清扫),按废塑料形态分为6类(薄膜、杯盆盒、发泡、瓶、块、其它),按成份分为7类(PET、PE、PVC、PP、PS、混合料、其它).根据资料数据和调研数据核算北京市各区县不同场所生活类废塑料的产生量;通过实地调研获得废塑料产生场所——形态比例关系以及废塑料形态——成份比例关系.在此基础上得到北京市生活类废塑料分形态、分成份产生量.核算结果表明,2007年北京市生活废塑料总产生量为33.1×104t,人均废塑料产生量为20.3kg.从空间看,朝阳区和海淀区的废塑料产生量最大;从产生渠道看,居民生活渠道的废塑料产生量最大;从形态看,薄膜类废塑料产生量最大,占总量的44%;从成份看,PP类和PE类的产生量最大,占总量的75%.核算结果可为废塑料资源化工程设计提供数据支持.One method in deriving the quantitative generation characteristics of domestic plastics waste was proposed,and the generation characteristics of Beijing＇s domestic plastics waste in 2007 was accounted.The domestic plastics waste was classified into 4 clusters according to the generating fields,including household,public business,non-public area and streets;6 clusters according to the shapes,including plastic film,containers,foam,bottles,blocks and others;7 clusters according to the material types,including PET,PE,PVC,PP,PS,mixture and others.The generation of domestic plastics waste in Beijing was accounted firstly from the aspect of districts and generating fields by data analysis and site visits,proportion matrix of generating field-shape and shape-material type were obtained by field studies.On this basis,the generation of domestic plastics waste in different shapes and material types was accounted.The total generation of the domestic plastics waste in 2007 in Beijing is 331,000 tons.In terms of geographical locations,Chaoyang District and Haidian District generate the largest amount of plastics waste;in terms of generating fields,the household sector generates the largest amount of plastics waste;in terms of shapes,the plastic film has the largest proportion of 44%;while in terms of type,PP and PE have the summed up proportion of 75%,which takes the largest share among all types.The results can be used as a database for the engineering design of plastics recycling.

关 键 词：废塑料产生特性 废塑料产生场所 废塑料形态 废塑料成份 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]