美国供用水情况介绍  

Water Withdrawal and Water Use in America

作　　者：钟华平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210029

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2011年第2期137-139,共3页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAB42B02)

摘　　要：美国每5年一次的全国用水评估已历经55年。阐述了美国供用水统计分类和各类别涵义,分析了用水现状和变化情况,认识到美国供用水统计分类与我国存在较大差异。目前美国供水水源划分地表水和地下水2类,用水户划分8类;用水大户是火电,其次是灌溉;美国对以往的用水评估数据还可以进行修正。The national water use assessment once every five years in America has been conducted since 1950.This paper describes the statistical classification of water withdrawals and water use as well as the meaning for every category,and analyzed the status and changes of water use in America.It can be recognized that there is great difference in the classification of water withdrawal and water use between the United States and China.Now in America,water withdrawal is divided into surface water and groundwater by source,and water use is divided into eight categories by water-use category.Thermal power is the category with the largest water use.Irrigation is the second largest category of water use.If new data is collected,the water use data can be revised.

关 键 词：美国 取水 用水 分类 火电 灌溉 

分 类 号：TV21[水利工程—水文学及水资源]