不同施氮量对秋播超甜玉米产量性状的影响  

Effect of Different Nitrogen Application Levels on Yield Traits of Fall Super-sweet Maize

作　　者：程杏安[1,2] 梁秀兰[2] 胡美英[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院昆虫毒理研究室,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学农学院,广州510642

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第9期291-294,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为探明广东地区超甜玉米种植的最适氮肥施用量,为该地区甜玉米种植过程中合理施用氮肥提供科学的理论依据。试验采用田间数据统计和室内拷种的方法,分析6种不同施氮水平对秋播"华珍"超甜玉米产量性状的影响。结果表明:6组不同施氮量对超甜玉米叶面积、穗长、穗粗、穗行粒数、百粒鲜重和百粒干重都有显著的增产效果。其中有效增加促进叶片面积,穗长、穗粗、穗行粒数以及鲜苞产量的最佳氮肥施用量在225～300kg/hm2之间。不同氮肥水平对百粒鲜重和百粒干重也有显著增产效果,最佳施氮量在300～375kg/hm2之间。因此通过调控氮肥的施用量来增加超甜玉米产量是可行的,其中约300kg/hm2的氮肥施用量既能有效提高超甜玉米主要产量性状,降低生产成本,也能避免氮肥施用过多对玉米植株生长以及生态环境造成不良影响。In order to clarify the optimal nitrogen application level in the process of growing fall super-sweet maize in Guangdong province,and provide scientific theory for the reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer in super-sweet maize production,field statistics and routine indoor statistics were performed to study the effect of six different nitrogen application levels on the yield traits of super-sweet maize.The result indicated that 6 different nitrogen application levels could significantly improve leaf area,length and wide of spike,grain number of row,yield of fresh-maize bract and weight of 100 fresh grain and weight of 100 dried grain.225-300 kg/hm 2 was the optimal nitrogen application rang to improve the frontal 4 yield traits,and 300-375 kg/hm 2 was optimal to the latter,fresh weight of 100 grain and 100 dried grain,so it was quite feasible to enhance the maize yield by regulating the application of nitrogen,and nitrogen application level at about 300 kg/hm 2 not only improved effectively the main yield traits of maize,declined the production cost,but also avoided the negative effect due to excessive nitrogen application to growth of maize and ecological environment.

关 键 词：氮肥 超甜玉米 产量性状 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]