畜禽商品有机肥与化肥配施对土壤-萝卜系统重金属平衡影响  

Effects of Integrated Fertilization with Commercial Organic Manure Made from Feces of Domestic Animals and Chemical Fertilizers on Heavy Metal Balance in Soil-Radish Cropping System

作　　者：孔文杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]菏泽学院资源与环境系,山东菏泽274000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第2期249-252,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目(2002CB410804)

摘　　要：采用田间试验方法,研究了在等养分条件下畜禽商品有机肥与化肥配施对萝卜产量、重金属含量、积累量以及土壤-萝卜系统重金属平衡的影响。试验结果表明,中量有机肥与化肥配施(T3)可明显提高萝卜地上部生物量和肉质根的干鲜重。与单施化肥相比,配施商品有机肥能显著地降低萝卜植株体内污染元素铅含量和积累量,各处理收获物的铜、锌、镉、铅含量均低于食品中污染物限量标准(GB18406.1-2001)。单施化肥或有机肥配施比例较低(T2、T3)时易引起土壤中锌的亏缺,只有高量有机肥与化肥配施处理(T4)基本达到锌平衡。适量有机肥与化肥配合施用可保持农田生态系统铜和锌等微量营养元素的平衡,也能有效地降低重金属污染风险,是建立可持续农业的有效途径。A field experiment was conducted to assess the impacts of integrated fertilization with commercial organic manure made from feces of domestic animals and chemical fertilizers on yields and heavy metal concentration and accumulations of radish plants and the risk of heavy metal pollution in radish cropping systems and biomass of agricultural products under equal N,P2O5 and K2O rates.The results indicated that integrated fertilization with chemical fertilizers and medium rate of organic manure could obviously increase fruit shoot yields and vegetative biomass of radish plants.Lead concentration and accumulation could significantly（p0.05） decrease with chemical fertilizers and commercial organic manure in radish plants,and copper,zinc,cadmium,lead concentrations in harvesting parts of radish plants of all treatments were lower than the limit of these heavy metals in foods（GB18406.1-2001）.It was found that zinc deficits occured in the treatments with no organic manure or lower and medium rate of organic manure,integrated fertilization with high rate of organic manure and chemical fertilizers（T4） could only remain the balance of zinc as micronutrients.The above results implied that integrated fertilization with appropriate rate of organic manure and chemical fertilizers could not only remain the balance of zinc and copper as micronutrients,but also minimize the risk of heavy metal pollution in the cropping system,which can be regarded as an effective manner for the construction of sustainable agriculture.

关 键 词：商品有机肥 配合施肥 重金属平衡 萝卜产量 

分 类 号：S147.34[农业科学—肥料学] X53[农业科学—农业基础科学]