3种水培观赏植物净化模拟污水的试验研究  

Study on Purification Effect of Experimental Wastewater by Three Aqua-cultured Ornamental Plants

作　　者：陈友媛[1] 崔香[1] 董滨[2] 杨世迎[1] 胡广鑫[1] 李亚平[1] 

机构地区：[1]海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,中国海洋大学,青岛266100 [2]滨州市公路管理局,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第2期253-257,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家水专项(2008ZX07106-003);滨州市公路管理局项目“公路雨水收集及边坡绿化植物自动滴灌系统”

摘　　要：利用观赏植物净化水体是目前湖泊、污染水体治理研究的热点。选取春羽、绿萝和铜钱草3种常见观赏植物作为水培试验研究对象,探讨这3种植物的水生栽培技术并用去除率指标研究其对模拟污水(劣V类)的净化效果。结果显示:春羽、绿萝、铜钱草对污染水体均具有较好的适应性及水体净化能力,对污染水体中总磷(TP)的去除率均达90%以上,净化效果很好;对总氮(TN)的去除率分别为64.6%,74.2%,65.1%,对氨态氮(NH3-N)和硝态氮(NO-3-N)的去除率分别为93.3%,96.3%,95%和90.7%,99.3%,47.1%,除铜钱草外,净化效果显著;对水体中化学需氧量(CODcr)的去除率分别为33.2%,49.8%,44.3%;去除率均大于无植物对照处理。此外,在水培植物的生长过程中,测定了植物的株长、叶数和鲜重,其中鲜重能较好地反映生长情况与污水处理效果,可以为水培观赏植物应用于湖泊等污染水体的生态修复治理工程提供参考。Purifying polluted water in a lake or other water bodies is focusing on using ornamental plants.This paper chose three aqua-cultured plants,Philodenron selloum Koch,Scindapsus aureun and Hydrocotyle vulgaris,for this aqua-cultured experiment.The aqua-cultured technologies of these plants were discussed,and the purification effect on experimental wastewater by three plants with removal rates was studied.The results showed that the three ornamental plants had good purification capacity and adaptability in wastewater.The removal rates of TP by Philodenron selloum Koch,Scindapsus aureun and Hydrocotyle vulgaris were more than 90%;The removal rates of TN by the three plants were 64.6%,74.2% and 65.1% in turn and that of NH3-N and NO-3-N were 93.3%,96.3%,95% and 90.7%,99.3%,47.1%,respectively;The removal rates of CODcr were successively 33.2%,49.8% and 44.3%.And all of which were higher than the control treatment.Furthermore,the length,the fresh weight and the number of leaves of the three plants were measured during the experimental process.The plant fresh weight can preferably indicate the growth condition and purification effect on aqua-cultured ornamental plants in wastewater.It could be the guide for ecological restoration project in a lake or other water bodies with aqua-cultured ornamental plants.

关 键 词：水生栽培 观赏植物 模拟污水 净化 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.1